L-35

Question 1

What are the 5 stages of infectious disease?

Answer 1

1. Incubation ( no signs or symptoms)
2. Prodromal period ( vague, general symptoms)
3. Illness ( most severe signs and symptoms)
4. Decline (declining signs and symptoms)
5. Convalescence (no signs or symptoms)

Question 2

What stage of infectious disease is the most infectious stage?

Answer 2

The illness stage

Question 3

What virus causes the common cold?

Answer 3

Rhinovirus

Question 4

What are the details of the rhinovirus?

Answer 4

• ssRNA
• no envelope
• prefers to grow at 32 degrees

Question 5

How long is the incubation period of the rhinovirus?

Answer 5

16-20 hours

Question 6

How long is the prodromal period of the rhinovirus?

Answer 6

1 day

Question 7

How long is the illness stage of the rhinovirus?

Answer 7

7-10 days

Question 8

How long is the decline stage of the rhinovirus infection?

Answer 8

1 week

Question 9

How long is the convalescence stage of the rhinovirus infection

Answer 9

Less than 1 week

Question 10

What is epidemiology?

Answer 10

The study of disease transmission

Question 11

What are the 6 steps of the chain of infection?

Answer 11

• causative agent
• reservoir or source of infection
• the means of exit
• the mode of transmission
• the portal of entry
• person at risk

Question 12

What is the causative agent in the chain of infection?

Answer 12

The microorganism which has the ability to cause disease

Question 13

What is the reservoir or source of infection in the chain of infection?

Answer 13

Where microorganisms can live and thrive ( could be a person, animal, object, food or water

Question 14

What is the means of exit in the chain of infection?

Answer 14

Describes the way the microorganism leaves the reservoir/ body

Question 15

What is the mode of transmission in the chain of infection?

Answer 15

Describes how microorganisms are transmitted from one person to another ( via hands, object, through air, bodily fluid contact)

Question 16

What is the portal of entry in the chain of transmission?

Answer 16

How the infection enters an individual (breathed in or entering via wound)

Question 17

What is the person at risk in the chain of infection?

Answer 17

Describes the person who is vulnerable to infection (young, old, immune compromised)

Question 18

What does mortality mean?

Answer 18

The incidence of death in a population

Question 19

What does morbidity mean?

Answer 19

The incidence of disease inclusive of fatal and non fatal

Question 20

What does incidence mean?

Answer 20

The number of new cases of the disease in a given period of time

Question 21

What does prevalence mean?

Answer 21

Total number of new and existing cases in a population in a given time

Question 22

What does endemic mean?

Answer 22

the amount of a particular disease that is usually present in a community (also known as baseline)

Question 23

What does sporadic mean?

Answer 23

A disease that occurs infrequently and irregularly

Question 24

What does epidemic mean?

Answer 24

An increase, often sudden, in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population in that area

Question 25

What is a pandemic?

Answer 25

An epidemic that has spread over several countries or continents, usually affecting a large number of people