Eukaryotic Mitosis Flashcards
1
Q
What is a Karyotype?
A
An ordered, visual representation of the chromosomes in a cell
2
Q
What do multicellular organisms rely on cell division for? (3)
A
- development from fertilized cell
- growth to adult (10^14 cells)
- repair
3
Q
What are the two main phases of the cell cycle?
A
- interphase
- Mitotic phase
4
Q
What makes up a duplicated chromosome?
A
- 2 sister chromatids, which will later separate
- Joined at the centromere
5
Q
What are the 5 phases of mitosis?
A
- Prophase
- Prometaphase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
6
Q
What occurs during Prophase?
A
- chromosomes become visible and we see pairs of sister chromatids
- spindle begins to form as pairs of centrioles move to opposite poles and microtubules begin to polymerize from duplicated centrosomes
7
Q
What occurs during prometaphase?
A
- fragmentation of the nuclear envelope
- microtubules search and connect with kinetochore on one face of each chromatid at centromere
- chromosomes are pulled in opposite directions by microtubules on both poles but remain connected
8
Q
What occurs during Metaphase?
A
- centromeres of chromosomes line up at equator of spindle
9
Q
What occurs during anaphase?
A
- chromatids separate
- kinetochore microtubules shorten and chromosomes move towards spindle poles
- non kinetochore microtubules move past each other
10
Q
What occurs during telophase and cytokinesis?
A
- chromosomes reach the poles
- nuclear membrane reforms
- chromosomes begin to decondense
- cytokinesis occurs ( division of cytoplasm into two daughter cells)
