L 3 - Pattern Recognitio In Innate Immunity Flashcards
What do T and B cells recognise, what are their antigen receptor and how many structures can they recognise
Does b cells making ab provide a good or bad response
What’s needed in a vaccine to promote a good response
Adjuvants
Does the CW act as a good adjuvant or not
Can a B cell combine with self?
How many signals are needed for B cells to make Ab/ differentiate
How does APC recognise self from non self ?
PRR
Innate vs adaptive receptors
Fill in the grid below saying yes or no to features for innate and adaptive
What’s soluble pattern recognition
Type of PRR, relevant for complement cascade and AMPs
What are anti-microbial peptides and what are their function
What’s the complement system
name it’s pathways and how they are activated (3)
Define the outcome for each when activated
Complement cascade
Name pathways, effectors and outcomes
Can MBL (mannose binding lectin) from complement bind to host cells? Explain
What are cell associated PRR
-Another type of PRR, that aren’t serum soluble PRR
- they are proteins expressed mainly by cells of innate IS such as DC, macro/monocytes, neutrophils and epithelial cells to identify two classes of molecules (PAMPS and DAMPS)
How do neutrophils get to the site of inflammation/ infection
Neutrophils granulate when activated by PRR (cellular). They get to site of infection by chemoattraction
Do macrophages drive or resolve inflammation
Are DC APC
What are PAMPS and what do they bind to
What are CLRs and what do they do
What are TLR
TLR = class of protein that play a key role in innate IS, usually expressed on sentinel cells like macro and DC that recognise structurally conserved molecules derived from microbes.
What does LPS bind to and what does it signal via
What can TLRs recognise and can they act in different cellular components
What’s the most common adapter in TLRs
Adapter molecules in TLR signalling pathways initiates pathway. Most TCRs have adapter MyD88 internally bound In cell except TLR3 which needs TRIF
What systems recognise foreign nucleic acid in the cytoplasm
DAI (Dna-dependent activation of IFN-regulatory factors) and or RLR systems recognise foreign NA in cytoplasm and cause IFN and cytokine production
Obstacle of mRNA vaccines and how it was overcome
How does STING. Contribute to intracellular resistance to infection
What genes are regulated by interferon alpha/beta
Intracellular recognition systems that proved resistance to infection (3) what they produce
TLTs, RLRs and NLRs
How does inflammasome interact with NLR
How do TLR initiate cytokine production
When tissues eg epithelium respond to type one infection what’s the role of type 1 interferons
Very briefly how does innate cells like DC and macro activate adaptive response
