Kvalitativa koncept FL1 - EC7210 Flashcards

1
Q

Vad säger LHS och RHS i den här funktionen:

u’(Ct) = β(1+r)u’(Ct+1)

Vad är det för ekvation? Vad säger den?

A

Detta är Euler-ekvationen som härleds från hushållens maximeringsproblem.

It describes the households optimal choice of Ct and Ct+1.

LHS = Gain in life time utility from a one-unit increase in consumption today.

RHS: Gain in lifetime utility fram saving that one unit and consuming it tomorrow.

In optimum, the household is indifferent between the two options.

Alltså, i optimum väljer hushållen konsumtion så de är indifferenta mellan konsumtion och besparing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Vad är Terminal condition och no-ponzi constraint?

A

No-Ponzi condition:
A_T+1 ≥ 0.
The consumer must leave non-negative assets behind. This is a constraint which ensures that the consumer does not over-accumulate debt.

Terminal condition:
It is optimal for the household to choose A_T+1 = 0.
This condition ensures that the consumer do not over accumulate wealth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Vad är “permanent income hypothesis” ?

A

Permanent rather than current income affects the households consumption choice.

Permanenta effekter har alltså en större påverkan på konsumtion än en temporär.
Bygger på att människor smoother ut konsumtion över tid.
på föreläsningen står det också att det bygger på att man har linjär nytta, norr ränta och att man kan låna.

Wiki:
“The permanent income hypothesis (PIH) is an economic theory attempting to describe how agents spread consumption over their lifetimes. First developed by Milton Friedman,[1] it supposes that a person’s consumption at a point in time is determined not just by their current income but also by their expected income in future years—their “permanent income”. In its simplest form, the hypothesis states that changes in permanent income, rather than changes in temporary income, are what drive the changes in a consumer’s consumption patterns. Its predictions of consumption smoothing,”

Detta motsäger Keynes teori om “marginal propensity to consume” vilken är essensen i hans resonemang om multiplikatoreffekter, där staten med hjälp av temporära produktion/inkomsthöjningar kan stimulera fram ytterligare konsumtion.

According to the basic theory of Keynes, governments are always capable of countercyclical fine-tuning of macroeconomic systems through demand management.

The permanent income hypothesis questions this ability of governments. However, it is also true that permanent income theory is concentrated mainly on long-run dynamics and relations, while Keynes focused primarily on short-run considerations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

I modellen för permanent income hypothesis, vilka är dess begränsningar?

A

I verkligheten är vi osäkra om framtiden

Vi sparar kanske en buffet

Vi kan inte låna hur mycket som helst.

Vissa varor ger oss nytta över fler tidsperioder.

Habit formation -> vi gör lika över fler tidsperioder.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly