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GBE > Knee joint > Flashcards

Knee joint Flashcards

1
Q

Which part of the knee capsule is deficient?

A

Anterior part

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2
Q

What kind of bone is the patella bone?

A

Sesamoid

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3
Q

What are the two main groups of ligament of the knee?

A

Collateral (tibial and fibular)

Cruciate (ant and post)

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4
Q

Which 4 nerves supply the knee joint?

A

Femoral
Obturator
Common Fibular
Tibial

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5
Q

What is the blood supply to the knee?

A

Genicular arteries

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6
Q

Which groove on the patella is larger - medial or lateral?

A

Lateral

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7
Q

Which direction does the patella more commonly dislocate in?

A

Lateral direction

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8
Q

What is the Q angle?

A

The angle between the quadriceps tendon and the patellar tendon in full extension

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9
Q

Which sex has a larger Q angle and what does this mean?

A

Females

More prone to hip dislocation

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10
Q

Which 5 conditions have an increased Q angle?

A
  1. Genu valgum
  2. Increased femoral anteversion
  3. External tibial torsion
  4. Laterally positioned tibial tuberosity
  5. Tight lateral retinaculum
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11
Q

What is the function of the menisci (lateral and medial) of the knee?

A

Shock absorbers

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12
Q

Which meniscus is more prone to tearing?

A

Medial

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13
Q

Which part of the lateral femoral condyle articulates with the tibia?

A

Posterior part

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14
Q

Describe the lateral femoral condyle

A

Short and straight

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15
Q

Describe the medial femoral condyle

A

Long and curved

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16
Q

What happens to the collateral ligaments during extension?

A

Tighten - lock the knee

17
Q

What is the function of the popliteus muscle?

A

Unlock knee during flexion

18
Q

What is the nerve supply to the popliteus muscle?

A

Tibial nerve

19
Q

What is the term for outward bending of the knee?

A

Valgus (knock knee)

20
Q

What is the term for inward bending of the knee?

A

Varus (bow leg)

21
Q

Which of the cruciate ligaments is more likely to be ruptured?

A

Anterior

22
Q

What does the Lackman test test for?

A

Integrity of the cruciate ligaments

23
Q

What is the unhappy triad?

A

3 tears:

  1. Anterior cruciate
  2. Medial collateral
  3. Medial meniscus
24
Q

Which doesn’t repair easily - torn meniscus or torn cruciate?

A

Meniscus

25
Q

What lies behind the patella?

A

Infrapatellar fat pad

26
Q

What are the four bursae of the knee joint?

A

Suprapatellar
Popliteus
Gastrocnemius
Semimembranosus

27
Q

Where is the synovial membrane hindered by the fat pad?

A

Below

28
Q

What is housemaids knee?

A

Prepatellar bursitis

Swollen and red skin

GBE (15 decks)

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