Brachial plexus Flashcards
What are the spinal roots of the brachial plexus?
C5, C6, C7, C8, T1
What are the three trunks of the brachial plexus?
Superior
Middle
Inferior
What are the three cords of the brachial plexus?
Lateral
Posterior
Medial
What does the dorsal scapular nerve innervate?
(pierces middle scalene)
Innervates rhomboids and sometimes levator scapulae
What are the roots of the dorsal scapular nerve?
C4, C5
What are the roots of the long thoracic nerve?
C5, C6, C7
What muscles does the long thoracic nerve pierce?
C5/C6 pierce middle scalene
C7 passes in front of muscle
What muscle does the long thoracic nerve innervate?
Serratus anterior
What condition does damage to the long thoracic nerve cause?
Winged scapula
What are the nerve roots for the suprascapular nerve?
C4, C5, C6
What does the suprascapular nerve innervate?
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Glenohumeral joint (Hilton’s law)
What are the nerve roots of the lateral pectoral nerve?
C5, C6, C7
What does the lateral pectoral nerve innervate?
Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
(via communicating branch to medial pectoral nerve)
What are the nerve roots of the medial pectoral nerve?
C8, T1
Which muscle does the medial pectoral nerve pierce?
Pectoralis minor
Which muscles are innervated by the medial pectoral nerve?
Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
What are the nerve roots of the axillary nerve?
C5, C6
What does the axillary nerve innervate?
Teres minor
Deltoid
Glenohumeral joint
Skin over inferior deltoid
What are the nerve roots of the musculocutaneous nerve?
C5-C7
What does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate?
Muscles of the anterior arm - biceps, brachialis, coracobrachialis
Gives off branch to humerus (nutrient foramen) and continues as lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm
What are the nerve roots of the median nerve?
C6, C7, C8, T1
What does the median nerve innervate?
Muscles of the anterior forearm
Thenar eminence
Lumbricals
Sensory innervation of medial palm of hand (and 3.5 digits)
Which ligament covers the carpal tunnel?
Transverse carpal ligament
What are the nerve roots of the ulnar nerve?
C8, T1
What does the ulnar nerve innervate?
Innervates flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum profundis
Some intrinsic muscles of the hand
Sensory innervation of lateral palm of hand and 1.5 digits
What causes claw hand?
Damage to the ulnar nerve
What are the nerve roots of the radial nerve?
C5-C8, T1
What does the radial nerve innervate?
Posterior (extensor) compartment of arm and forearm
What conditions are caused by damage to the radial nerve?
Saturday night palsy/ Honeymoon palsy
Wrist drop
Wartenberg syndrome
