Knee Anatomy/Pathology

Question 1

How is ACL injured

Answer 1

Mostly during extension

usually sports injuries

Question 2

Who is ACL injury more common in and why

Answer 2

Women, because of the size of their hips= causes Q-angle increase during running

Question 3

What is the PCL function?

Answer 3

Prevents anterior femur sheer and posterior tibia sheer

Question 4

How is PCL injured

Answer 4

Usually during flexion

Common from falling and hitting knee

Question 5

What is MCL function

Answer 5

Provides Valgus support to knee

Question 6

How is MCL injured

Answer 6

Usually mm imbalance

Part of adductor Magnus= easier to rehabilitate (usually fixed with knee brace)

Question 7

What is the ACL function

Answer 7

Prevents posterior femur sheer and anterior sheer of tibia

Question 8

WHat is LCL function?

Answer 8

Provides Varus support to knee

Question 9

How does LCL get injured

Answer 9

Very rare

Hyperextension

Question 10

Are meniscus easy or hard to heal?

Answer 10

Hard because there is less blood flow here

Question 11

Difference between acute and chronic meniscus tear

Answer 11

Acute= young people-> surgery
Chronic= older, treated symptomatically-> strengthen mm/cortisone injection

Question 12

Does cortisone injections affect ligaments or tendons more?

Answer 12

Tendons= longer lasting effect
Ligaments= not long lasting

Question 13

What is known as the terrible triad

Answer 13

Tear ACL, MCL, medial meniscus

Question 14

What is indicated when there is immediate severe swelling in the knee?

Answer 14

Complete PCL/ACL tear

Question 15

What is patella femoral pain syndrome?

Answer 15

• Vague knee pain (ligament pain is specific)
• Patella not tracking femur properly= causes wear-tear/clicking/pain
• Typically difficult kneeling, squatting, cycling, stairs
• Swelling is mild/absent
• Possible caused by mm imbalance, increased Q angle, tight IT band

Question 16

What is IT band syndrome

Answer 16

Sharp acute pain lateral side of knee

Caused from training habits, anatomical abnormalities, mm imbalance

Question 17

What is Osgood Schlatters Disease

Answer 17

• adolescense
• bones grow faster than mm= mm weakness
• more common in boys
• pain around tibial tuberose try

Question 18

WHat is LCL function?

Answer 18

Provides Valgus support to knee

Question 19

How does LCL get injured

Answer 19

Very rare

Hyperextension

Question 20

Are meniscus easy or hard to heal?

Answer 20

Hard because there is less blood flow here

Question 21

Difference between acute and chronic meniscus tear

Answer 21

Acute= young people-> surgery
Chronic= older, treated symptomatically-> strengthen mm/cortisone injection

Question 22

Does cortisone injections affect ligaments or tendons more?

Answer 22

Tendons= longer lasting effect
Ligaments= not long lasting

Question 23

What is known as the terrible triad

Answer 23

Tear ACL, MCL, medial meniscus

Question 24

What is indicated when there is immediate severe swelling in the knee?

Answer 24

Complete PCL/ACL tear

Question 25

What is patella femoral pain syndrome?

Answer 25

• Vague knee pain (ligament pain is specific)
• Patella not tracking femur properly= causes wear-tear/clicking/pain
• Typically difficult kneeling, squatting, cycling, stairs
• Swelling is mild/absent
• Possible caused by mm imbalance, increased Q angle, tight IT band

Question 26

What is IT band syndrome

Answer 26

Sharp acute pain lateral side of knee

Caused from training habits, anatomical abnormalities, mm imbalance

Question 27

What is Osgood Schlatters Disease

Answer 27

• adolescense
• bones grow faster than mm= mm weakness
• more common in boys
• pain around tibial tuberose try