Knee: Anatomy 2 Flashcards
ACL/PCL blood supply
genicular artery
ACL/PCL are innervated by branches of this nerve
tibial nerve
ACL/PCL: 3 types of mechanoreceptors
- Ruffini corpuscles
- Pacinian corpuscles
- Golgi tendon organs
ACL originates from the posteromedial corner of the (medial/lateral) side of the (medial/lateral) condyle
medial side
lateral condyle
ACL inserts where?
anteromedial to intercondylar eminence of tibia
ACL: anterior/medial bundle
larger/smaller
smaller
ACL: anterior/medial bundle
taut in this position
throughout flex (and IR)
ACL: anterior/medial bundle
position tested in
flexion
ACL: posterolateral bundle
larger/smaller
larger/bulkier
ACL: posterolateral bundle
taut in this position
extension
ACL: posterolateral bundle
tested in this position
0-20˚ flexion
ACL bundles are named based on
attachments to TIBIA
ACL provides (%) resistance to anterior translation of the tibia on the femur at 30˚ and slightly less at 90˚
85%
PCL: originates from (lateral/medial) aspect of (lateral/medial) femoral condyle
lateral aspect
medial femoral condyle
PCL: inserts where
fossa posterior to tibial tubercle
PCL: (%) anterolateral bundle
95%
PCL: (%) posteromedial bundle
5%
PCL: anterolateral bundle is taut in this position
flexion
PCL: posteromedial bundle taut in this position
extension
PCL is the primary restraint to
posterior displacement of tibia on femur
PCL: common MOI
hyperflexion
dashboard injury
LCL attachment points
- lateral femoral epicondyle
- fibular head (with biceps femoris)
LCL is the primary restraint to
varus stress
In addition to being the primary restraint to varus stress, the LCL also limits
excessive tibial ER
LCL is (intra/extra)capsular
extracapsular
MCL: attachment sites
- posterior aspect ot medial femoral condyle
- pes anserine
MCL: superficial and deep portions are separated by
bursa
MCL: superficial and deep portions are separated by bursa which allows for
motion with flexed positions
MCL: primary restraint to
valgus stress
MCL: deep portions attach to
- meniscus
- semimembranosus
- vastus medialis
MCL: (rich/poor) blood supply
rich - allows for good healing
patellofemoral joint: articulating surfaces
- medial/lateral (and odd) facets
- articulates with trochlear groove of femur
patellofemoral joint: only this aspect is in contact with the femur in knee extension
only the inferior pole (loose)
patellofemoral joint: contact area increases with (flex/ext)
flexion
patellofemoral joint: contact area increases with flexion until beyond
90˚
