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OPTIM OCS: LQ > Ankle: Anatomy 4 > Flashcards

Ankle: Anatomy 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the primary lateral ligaments of the ankle?

A
  • ATFL
  • CFL
  • PTFL
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2
Q

Lateral collateral ligaments: ATFL prevents what motions

A

anterior displacement of the talus relative to the mortise

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3
Q

Lateral collateral ligaments: CFL is taut with these motions

A

inversion and adduction of the calcaneus relative to the fibula

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4
Q

Lateral collateral ligaments: PTFL is taut in what position

A

ER of the talus relative to the ankle mortise

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5
Q

Ligaments disrupted during ankle sprains:

% with complete rupture of ATFL

A

65%

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6
Q

Ligaments disrupted during ankle sprains:

% with combined injury to ATFL/CFL

A

20%

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7
Q

Ligaments disrupted during ankle sprains:

% with anterior inferior tibiofibular ligaments

A

10%

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8
Q

Ligaments disrupted during ankle sprains:

% with deltoid ligament

A

3%

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9
Q

Isolated injuries to the PTFL are (common/rare)

A

rare

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10
Q

Isolated injuries to the CFL are (common/rare)

A

NONEXISTENT

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11
Q

What is the function of the deltoid ligament?

A

controls medial joint stability and end ranges of DF and PF

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12
Q

Deltoid ligaments composed of these:

A
  • tibionavicular
  • posterior talotibial
  • calcaneotibial
  • anterior talotibial
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13
Q

Ligaments of the midfoot/forefoot:

These ligaments tie the calcaneocuboid joint together

A

Plantar ligament (long and short)

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14
Q

Ligaments of the midfoot/forefoot:

Spring ligament AKA

A

Calcaneonavicular ligament

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15
Q

Ligaments of the midfoot/forefoot:

The spring ligament is found on what surface of the foot?

A

Plantar

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16
Q

Ligaments of the midfoot/forefoot: What is the function of the spring ligament?

A
  • Ties the talonavicular joint together

- Contributes to medial longitudinal arch by supporting the talar head and navicular

17
Q

Ligaments of the midfoot/forefoot: the spring ligament is frequently involved in this type of deformity

A

Flat foot deformity

18
Q

Ligaments of the midfoot/forefoot: Lisfranc ligament aka

A

Cuneometatarsal interosseous ligament

19
Q

Ligaments of the midfoot/forefoot: What does the Lisfranc ligament connect?

A

1st and 2nd metatarsals along with medial cuneiform

20
Q

Ligaments of the midfoot/forefoot: The Lisfranc ligament is frequently injured in (high/low) energy injuries

A

Both

21
Q

Windlass effect: DF of the toes causes traction on (structure) which elevates the longitudinal arch

A

Plantar fascia

22
Q

At what point during stance phase of gait does the windlass effect occur?

A

From midstance to terminal stance

23
Q

The windlass effect creates what for propulsion during gait?

A

A more rigid foot

24
Q

Midfoot locking during gait: functions during different phases of the gait cycle

STJ (pronation/supination) unlocks the midfoot

A

Pronation

25
Q

Midfoot locking during gait: functions during different phases of the gait cycle

Subtalar pronation unlocks the midfoot. This is called______

A

Adaptation

26
Q

Midfoot locking during gait: functions during different phases of the gait cycle

Unlocking the midfoot allows for a supple platform to absorb load

A

Shock absorption

27
Q

Midfoot locking during gait: functions during different phases of the gait cycle

Following this phase of gait, STJ supination begins

A

Midstance

28
Q

Midfoot locking during gait: functions during different phases of the gait cycle

Following midstance, subtalar supination begins and builds tension causing what to rise

A

Midfoot

29
Q

Midfoot locking during gait: functions during different phases of the gait cycle

Following midstance subtalar supination (begins once great toe is extended) builds tension causing the midfoot to rise. This is called _____

A

Torque conversion

30
Q

Midfoot locking during gait: functions during different phases of the gait cycle

Once the foot is fully supinated, the congruency of the bones and tension in the midfoot locks the foot into a rigid and stable position. This is called ______

A

Rigid lever

31
Q

Midfoot locking during gait: functions during different phases of the gait cycle

Recent studies have found that this muscle acts to decelerate the tibia during gait

A

Soleus

32
Q

Midfoot locking during gait: functions during different phases of the gait cycle

Recent studies have found that this muscle(s) acts to aid in plantarflexion and push off during gait

A

Triceps surae

33
Q

Hallux kinematics: Hallux aka

A

1st MTP joint

34
Q

Hallux kinematics: As a result of the 1st MTP staying in contact with the ground as the rest of the foot goes into plantarflexion, the first ray must extend by how much?

A

> 40˚

Up to 90˚during running

35
Q

Hallux kinematics: During heel raise, the first ray is estimated to extend to

A

> 60˚

OPTIM OCS: LQ (43 decks)

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