Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SCS Mine > Knee > Flashcards

Knee Flashcards

1
Q

What is the return to sport criteria after a hamstring injury?

A

Full strength without pain:
- tested in prone at 90 deg and 15 deg
- max effort with 4 consecutive efforts
- less than 5% bilateral deficit in eccentric hamstrings
Full ROM without pain
Replication of sport specific movements @ near max speed
- use incremental sprint testing for athletes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

allograft ACL reinjury rate

A

The data point to a very high (>30%) early reinjury or contralateral injury rate seen with the use of allografts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

pros/cons to allografts, artificial graft

A

-efficient but some issues:

-incorporate less completely and more slowly than autografts
-require sterilization and are expensive.
-Recent studies do not support their use in younger patients, especially in young females

-artificial graft: Short-term results were encouraging, but after one year, issues began, and they all failed over time. Any graft must be biologic if the long-term health of the joint is to be preserved.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

biceps femoris

A

long head- ischial tuberosity
short head- linea aspera/latreal supracondylar line

–> fibular head. tendon split by LCL

long head: tibial nerve
short head: common peroneal nerve
L5-S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

semitendinosus

A

ischial tuberosity-> medial tibia

tibial nerve L5-S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

semimembranosus

A

ischial tuberosity->posterior medial tibial condyle, attachment forms oblique popliteal ligament

tibial nerve L5-S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

gastroc

A

lateral head: lateral femoral condyle
medial head: popliteal surface of femur superior to medial condyle
-> calcaneous via tendon

tibial nerve S1-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

soleus

A

posterior fibula, soleal line/middle 1/3 of medial border of tibia, tendinous arch –> posterior surface of calcaneus

tibial nerve S1-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

plantaris

A

inferior end of lateral supracondylar line/oblique popliteal ligament –> calcaneus via tendon

tibial nerve S1-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

popliteus

A

lateral femoral condyle & lateral meniscus -> posterior surface of tibia/superior to soleal line
tibial nerve L4-S1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

sartorius

A

ASIS/superior part of notch inferior to it–> superior part of medial tibia

femoral nerve L2-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

rectus femoris

A

AIIS and ilium superior to acetab-> via quad tendon, indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

femoral nerve L2-4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

vastus lateralis

A

greater trochanter & lateral lip of linea aspera–>via quad tendon; also into tibia/patella via lateral patellar retinaculum

femoral nerve L2-4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

vastus medialis

A

intertrochanteric line & medial lip of linea aspera-> quad tendon

femoral nerve L2-4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

vastus intermedius

A

anterior/lateral surface of femur shaft-> via quad tendon

femoral nerve L2-4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

knee tibial nerve innervations

A

L5-S2:
biceps femoris long head
semitendinosus
semimembranosus

S1-2:
gastroc
soleus
plantaris

L4-S1
popliteus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ottawa Knee Rules

A

Age >55
Fibular head TTP
isolated tenderness of patella
unable to flex knee to 90
unable to bear weight immediately or in ER

high SN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pittsburgh Knee Rules

A

Blunt trauma or fall of MOI
PLUS either of following:
-age >50 or <12
-unable to walk 4 WB steps in ER

high SN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Knee OA Clinical presentation

A

Knee pain + at least 3/6 of following:
-age >50
-AM stiffness <30 min
-crepitus on active motion
-bony tenderness
-no palpable warmth
-bony enlargement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

meniscus CPR - CLinical composite score to accurately detect

A

-history of catching/locking
-joint line tenderness
-pain with forced hyperext (modified bounce home test)
-pain with maximal passive knee flexion
-pain/click with mcmurray

Low SN
High SP: 3+ .9; 5=.99

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

CPG for meniscus - risk factors level of evidence

A
  • age, greater time from injury, participated in high level sports or had laxity after ACL injury

-cartilage- age/presence of meniscal tear considered in odds of chondral lesion

^^both evidence C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

meniscus CPG - level of evidence for interventions

A

Progressive WB - D

Progressive Knee motion (following surgery); early return to activity: C

return to activity with chondral lesion- E (delay return)

supervised rehab: D, conflicting evidence

ther ex, NMES: B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

ACL clinical presentation

A

contact or non contact
excess dynamic valgus, anterior tibial translation, posterior femoral translation, or hyperextension

audible pop
feeling of instability, immediate swelling

24
Q

ACL special testing

A

Anterior drawer - SP 86-100 (low SN)

Active lachman - SN 99, SP 100

Lachman - SN 80-99, SP 91-100

25
Q

ACL CPG - outcome

A

B:

KOOS, UKDC, lysholm scale. tegner or marx for activity level
ACL RTS after injury for psych assessment

26
Q

ACL CPG interventions level of evidence

A

CPM, early WB: C (implement early WB)

knee bracing:
-C for functional bracing
D - pt preferences?
F: acute PCL/severe MCL/PLC

immediate vs delayed motion: B (use immediate motion)

cryo: B - use immediately

supervised rehab: B

A: ther ex, NMES (6-8 wks), NMR

27
Q

PCL special test

A

posterior sag: SP 100, SN 79

posterior drawer: SP 99, SN 51-100

quadriceps active test: SP 97-100

28
Q

MCL special test

A

valgus stress test

SN 86-96, SP 93

29
Q

MCL CPR

A

trauma by external force to leg
rotational trauma
pain with valgus test at 30 deg
laxity with valgus at 30 deg

30
Q

LCL special test

A

varus stress test SP 99

31
Q

PLC injury / test

A

MOI: hyperextension,trauma to anteromedial knee, or varus force at knee

DIAL ( SP/SN unknown)

external rotation recurvatum test: SP 99

32
Q

meniscus zones

A

white zone- inner 2/3- no direct blood supply and no nerve ending

red zone- good blood supply, outer 1/3

33
Q

knee capsule layers

A

-superficial= deep fascia, sartorius
-middle – superficial medial ligament

-deep :
-tibial collateral ligament (MCL)- deep & superficial components, intimate meniscal attachment, posterior femur to anterior tibia, taut in extension/lax in flexion, prevents valgus/ER
-LCL fibular collateral ligament – cord like, anterior femurposterior fibula, taut in extension/lax in flexion, limits varus/ER

34
Q

laxity classification

A

grade I: <3-5mm
grade II: 5-10mm
Grade III: >10mm

35
Q

meniscus special tests

A

mcmurray
appleys compression
joint line tenderness
thessaly

36
Q

-greatest strain on ACL exercises

A

-isometric quad at 15 deg
-squatting with sport cord
-active flex/ext w/ weighted boot
-Lachman test
-squatting

37
Q

least strain exercises on ACL

A

isometric quad from 30-90 deg
-simultaneous quad/hamstring contraction at 60-90deg

38
Q

PCL- motor control focus

A

popliteus shares role of PCL in checking posterior translation of tibia

quads reduce strain on PCL most between 20-60 deg

gastroc greatest strain on PCL when knee flexed >40 deg

Hamstring also posterior shear

39
Q

least likely collateral ligament to be damaged

A

LCL

40
Q

MOI for PCL tear

A

-following flexed knee with foot in pf
-anterior blow to knee from dashboard
-sudden extreme hyperextension

41
Q

popliteus- when does it act as stabilzer

A

when ER torque applied to knee flexed between 60-90

42
Q

functions of popliteus

A

-tibial IR
-inhibits ER Of tibia
-femoral ER when tibia is fixed

43
Q

deep peroneal nerve entrapment symptoms

A

N/T in web space of 1st/2nd toes

44
Q

deep posterior compartment injury- would cause what symptoms

A

tibial nerve
N/T in plantar surface of 1/2nd toes

45
Q

Osgood schlatter vs sinding larsen johnson syndrome

A

both anterior knee pain with bumps often present

Osgood- localized to tibial tubercle

SLJ- inferior pole of patella (proximal attachment of patellar tendon)

46
Q

what range does patella most often dislocate at

A

0-20 deg

bony stability between patellofemoral joint is maximal between 20-60deg

47
Q

PLC vs PCL tear

A

Posterolateral corner injury:
-Dial test: at 30 deg flexion, excess ER by 15 deg relative to other leg
*NOT excess ER at 90 deg flexion

If PCL: would see excess ER at BOTH 30 and 90 deg flexion

48
Q

in PLC rehab, what motions to avoid early in rehab

A

hyperextension
tibial ER

49
Q

ideal knee flexion angle to cycles avoid knee injuries when pedal closest to ground

A

25-30 deg

50
Q

tennis leg

A

medial gastroc head rupture

51
Q

what amount of gapping with valgus stress test indicates sprain/further injury

A

gapping >1-2mm = grade II MCL sprain & cruciate ligament injury

(at 20 deg flexion)

52
Q

segond fracture

A

cortical avulsion fracture off lateral tibia, distal to plateau at site of mid 1/3 LCL insertion

high association with ACL injury
excess IR + varus

53
Q

osgood schaltter

A

tibial tubercle apophysitis

54
Q

sinding larsen johanssen syndrome

A

patellar tendon + lower part of patella

(instead of upper margin of tibia like osgood)

55
Q

Which of the following surgical procedures is most likely to restore anteromedial and rotary stability of the tibiofemoral joint with the lowest risk of reinjury

A

Anatomic autograft reconstruction

56
Q

grade III MCL injury- what ROM allowed after surgery

A

3 weeks = 0-110

57
Q

ACL jumping- which movements indicate greater risk of reinjury

A

greater peak external hip flexion
Knee abduction at initial contact
shorter stance on involved side

SCS Mine (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions