Acute Injury

Question 1

What is the primary cause of shock?

Answer 1

Sudden severe loss of blood

Question 2

How is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy diagnosed?

Answer 2

Diagnosed by ultrasound changes representing asymmetric myocardial thickening

Question 3

What is the lead cause of death in young athletes?

Answer 3

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

• Genetic Disorder
• Recommend discontinuation of sporting activities

Question 4

What are the signs of a cardiovascular collapse in a sickle cell athlete?

Answer 4

Worsening symptoms of SOB and fatigue over several minutes

• typically after a very hard exertion effort
• often in warm conditions

Question 5

What medicine is a rescue medicine for both asthma & EIB?

Answer 5

Short acting beta2 agonists are recognized as the rescue medicine of choice.

This medication releases the smooth muscle contraction that is limiting airflow through the lungs.

Question 6

What type of fracture could lead to hypovolemic shock?

Answer 6

Rib fracture

- due to high likelihood of internal bleeding

Question 7

What are the 3 types of pain?

Answer 7

Somatic pain:
- described as deep or achy
Chemical pain:
- stabbing or acute pain
Psychosomatic:
-anxiety, fear avoidance

Question 8

What are the sx of a subdural hematoma?

Answer 8

Athlete progresses from awake, alert status w/ no focal neurological deficits TO significant neurological deficits and death within a few short hours

Question 9

What are the sx of a epidural hematoma

Answer 9

• possible in an athlete who sustains a concussion w/ LOC

- followed by a lucid interval, and then declining mental status

Question 10

NATA guidelines for c-spine injuries: when do you refer to the ED?

Answer 10

1. Severely painful neck ROM

2. Significant dec in ROM > 45 deg

Question 11

NATA guidelines for c-spine injuries: do you remove face mask?

Answer 11

YES!

• vital to obtain immediate access to airway
• EVEN if athlete has a stable cardiopulmonary system initially

Question 12

Zygomatic fractures:

- Sx:

Answer 12

• Numbness to the cheek, infraorbital region & upper teeth
• Eyelid swelling
• Inability to close mouth properly
• Flatten cheek bone

Question 13

Hyphema

Treatment?

RTP?

Answer 13

Blood in the anterior chamber of the eye

Immediate referral to ER

May be able to compete again in 1 to 2 weeks

Question 14

Commotio Cordis:

Influences?

Answer 14

Timing of hit, location of hit to the chest

• precise timing to the vulnerable phase of repolarization (just prior to the T-wave)

Question 15

Cranial Nerve Assessment:

Facial nerve VII

Answer 15

Facial expressions & taste

smile
wrinkle forehead

Question 16

Cranial Nerve Assessment:

Trigeminal nerve V

Answer 16

• light touch to face
• hold mouth open against resistance
• clench teeth

Question 17

Cranial Nerve Assessment:

Olfactory:

Optic:

Answer 17

Olfactory:
- smell

Optic:
- read small print

Question 18

Cranial Nerve Assessment:

Oculomotor III

Answer 18

Pupillary reaction

- shine light in each eye

Question 19

Cranial Nerve Assessment:

Trochlear (IV)

Answer 19

Eye movement

• follow finger downward & laterally

Question 20

Cranial Nerve Assessment:

Abducens VI

Answer 20

Lateral eye movement

• follow finger side to side

Question 21

Cranial Nerve Assessment:

Vestibulocochlear VIII

Answer 21

Hearing

Balance

Question 22

Cranial Nerve Assessment:

Glossopharyngeal IX

Answer 22

Voice & swallow

• say aw
• swallow
• gag reflex

Question 23

Cranial Nerve Assessment:

Vagus X

Answer 23

Voice & gag reflex

hoarse voice

Question 24

What are the signs of shock?

Answer 24

Nausea
Lightheadness
Dizziness
Pallor

Question 25

Testicular Torsion - sx?

Answer 25

MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Sx:

• Delayed presentation of pain
• Unilateral, diffuse pain
• Nausea and vomiting
• Swelling in the testicle without trauma

Question 26

After an appendectomy, when can an athlete return to sport?

Answer 26

3-4 weeks

Question 27

This asthma medication is utilized for mild persistent asthma, and is a mast cell stabilizer that prevents inflammation and bronchoconstriction.It is a long-term medication used to control asthma, and is called?

Answer 27

Cromolyn