Acute Injury Flashcards
What is the primary cause of shock?
Sudden severe loss of blood
How is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy diagnosed?
Diagnosed by ultrasound changes representing asymmetric myocardial thickening
What is the lead cause of death in young athletes?
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- Genetic Disorder
- Recommend discontinuation of sporting activities
What are the signs of a cardiovascular collapse in a sickle cell athlete?
Worsening symptoms of SOB and fatigue over several minutes
- typically after a very hard exertion effort
- often in warm conditions
What medicine is a rescue medicine for both asthma & EIB?
Short acting beta2 agonists are recognized as the rescue medicine of choice.
This medication releases the smooth muscle contraction that is limiting airflow through the lungs.
What type of fracture could lead to hypovolemic shock?
Rib fracture
- due to high likelihood of internal bleeding
What are the 3 types of pain?
Somatic pain: - described as deep or achy Chemical pain: - stabbing or acute pain Psychosomatic: -anxiety, fear avoidance
What are the sx of a subdural hematoma?
Athlete progresses from awake, alert status w/ no focal neurological deficits TO significant neurological deficits and death within a few short hours
What are the sx of a epidural hematoma
- possible in an athlete who sustains a concussion w/ LOC
- followed by a lucid interval, and then declining mental status
NATA guidelines for c-spine injuries: when do you refer to the ED?
- Severely painful neck ROM
2. Significant dec in ROM > 45 deg
NATA guidelines for c-spine injuries: do you remove face mask?
YES!
- vital to obtain immediate access to airway
- EVEN if athlete has a stable cardiopulmonary system initially
Zygomatic fractures:
- Sx:
- Numbness to the cheek, infraorbital region & upper teeth
- Eyelid swelling
- Inability to close mouth properly
- Flatten cheek bone
Hyphema
Treatment?
RTP?
Blood in the anterior chamber of the eye
Immediate referral to ER
May be able to compete again in 1 to 2 weeks
Commotio Cordis:
Influences?
Timing of hit, location of hit to the chest
- precise timing to the vulnerable phase of repolarization (just prior to the T-wave)
Cranial Nerve Assessment:
Facial nerve VII
Facial expressions & taste
smile
wrinkle forehead
Cranial Nerve Assessment:
Trigeminal nerve V
- light touch to face
- hold mouth open against resistance
- clench teeth
Cranial Nerve Assessment:
Olfactory:
Optic:
Olfactory:
- smell
Optic:
- read small print
Cranial Nerve Assessment:
Oculomotor III
Pupillary reaction
- shine light in each eye
Cranial Nerve Assessment:
Trochlear (IV)
Eye movement
- follow finger downward & laterally
Cranial Nerve Assessment:
Abducens VI
Lateral eye movement
- follow finger side to side
Cranial Nerve Assessment:
Vestibulocochlear VIII
Hearing
Balance
Cranial Nerve Assessment:
Glossopharyngeal IX
Voice & swallow
- say aw
- swallow
- gag reflex
Cranial Nerve Assessment:
Vagus X
Voice & gag reflex
hoarse voice
What are the signs of shock?
Nausea
Lightheadness
Dizziness
Pallor
Testicular Torsion - sx?
MEDICAL EMERGENCY
Sx:
- Delayed presentation of pain
- Unilateral, diffuse pain
- Nausea and vomiting
- Swelling in the testicle without trauma
After an appendectomy, when can an athlete return to sport?
3-4 weeks
This asthma medication is utilized for mild persistent asthma, and is a mast cell stabilizer that prevents inflammation and bronchoconstriction.It is a long-term medication used to control asthma, and is called?
Cromolyn
