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SCS Mine > Emergency, Concussion, Imaging, Med Conditions, Integ > Flashcards

Emergency, Concussion, Imaging, Med Conditions, Integ Flashcards

1
Q

Areas of brain
Frontal
Occipital
Parietal
Temporal

A

Areas of brain:
Frontal:
- Personality changes
Occipital:
- center for vision
Parietal:
- proprioception, sensory processing & speech
Temporal:
- memory & word understanding

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2
Q

Concussion outcome for child
13+

A

SCAT 3

Child SCAT ages 5-12

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3
Q

Cardiovascular adaptations during pregnancy:

A

Inc blood volume
Inc heart rate
Inc stroke volume
Inc cardiac output

Dec in systemic vascular resistance

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4
Q

Levels of consciousness

A

AVPU
Alert; able to respond
Verbal; responds only to verbal commands
Painful; responds only to painful stimuli
Unresponsive

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5
Q

Types of football pads (3)

A

non cantilever pads- QB/WR. more freedom of movement. some OL who use hands more

-inside cantilever - fits under the arch of the shoulder pads and rests against the shoulder. It is more common because it is less bulky than the outside cantilever.

-Outside cantilever - sits on top of the pad, outside of the arch. It provides a larger blocking surface and affords more protection to those who are in constant contact, such as linemen.

-Double cantilever - combination
of both the inside and the outside cantilever,
affords a player the greatest amount of protection but is not feasible for all positions because of its bulk.

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6
Q

proper preactivity hydration

A

17–20 oz three hours prior to the event and 7–10 oz every 10–20 minutes during the event

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7
Q

WBGT - when to start being alert

A

85 deg- begin staying alert to changes

stop training if 99 degrees or higher.

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8
Q

heat stroke

A

core temp >105
cold immersion
get to <102 before transport

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9
Q

shock

A

moist clammy skin
increased RR
decreased BP
weak, rapid pulse- tachycardia

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10
Q

hypothermia

A

mild: 95-98.6
moderate: 90-94, cessation of shivering
severe: temp <90, brady, hypotension

death at core temp 77-85

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11
Q

lightning times

A

lightning–>thunder time
divide by 5
= miles away

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12
Q

Ottawa Ankle Rules

A

-pain in malleolar/midfoot
-unable to WB after / in ED
-TTP at posterior tip of fibula/tibia
TTP at med/lateral malleolus
TTP at navicular or 5th MT base

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13
Q

Ottawa Knee Rules

A

age >55
unable to WB
TTP at fibular head
isolated TTP at patellar
unable to flex to 90

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14
Q

Pittsburgh knee rules

A

fall/blunt trauma
+ EITHER:
-age <12 or >50
-cant WB 4 steps

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15
Q

Canadian C spine rules

A

*High risk factors
-age >65
-dangerous MOI
-extremeity paresthesias

*Low risk to allow safe ROM assessment:
-simple rear end
-normal sitting in ED
-ambulatory since injury
-delayed onset, no midline tenderness

*IF you can assess, can they rotate >45 deg?
*If so, NO radiograph

*If 1 high risk- need xrays
*If 2 low risk + can’t rotate to 45 = need rays

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16
Q

Salter Harris classifications

A

SALTR

I: slipped, through growth plate but NOT bone involved, cannot happen if growth plate fused

II: above (most common), through most of growth plate and metaphysis

III: lower, some distance through growth plate and through epiphysis (poorer px)

IV: through/transverse/together: fracture through metaphysis, growth plate & epiphysis

V: ruined, does not displace growth plate but crush type injury, poor px

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17
Q

Canadian CT rules - is CT needed after head trauma

A

-minor injury + ONE of following:

-GCS 13-15 after LOC, amnesia
-open fx
-high risk- GCS <15 2 hours after
-2+ episodes vomiting
-65+ y/o
-medium risk- amnesia before impact 30+ min

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18
Q

New Orleans Criteria for imaging after head injury

A

with minor injury + ONE of following:

-HA
-vomit
->60
-intoxicated
-amnesia
-visible trauma above clavicle
-seizure

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19
Q

HTN definition

A

140/90 on 2 different occasions

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20
Q

marfan syndrome testing rules

A

echo every 6 months
no collision sports or static strenuous like weightlifting

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21
Q

ehlers danlos

A

collagen tissue impacts

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22
Q

liver referral

A

RUQ to shoulder/neck

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23
Q

spleen

A

LUQ

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24
Q

Cullen sign

A

bluish tint at umbilicus

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25
Q

mcburneys point

A

1/3 distance from ASIS to umbilicus - near appendix

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26
Q

MRSA 5 Cs

A

-Contact (frequent skin to skin)
-Contaminated item/surface
-Crowding
-Compromise of skin integrity
-Cleanliness

27
Q

erythasma

A

Red-brown plaques involving skin folds.
Erythrasma is caused by the bacteria
Corynebacterium minutissimum

may compete with lesion if well covered

abx for 2-4 wks

28
Q

impetigo

A

-bullous on trunk/extremities with blisters that rupture easily
-non bollus - thin walled vesicles that rupture into honey colored crust

topical

-No new skin lesions for at least 48 hours.
-Complete 72 hr directed abx
-No further drainage/exudate
-ctive infections may not be covered to compete

29
Q

follicitulus
faruncles - return to sport rule

A

No new skin lesions for at least 48 hours.

Complete 72 hr directed abx

No further drainage/exudate

active infections may not be covered to compete

30
Q

MRSA

A

systemic abx used on case by case

same rts rules as impetigo: No new skin lesions for at least 48 hours.
-Complete 72 hr directed abx
-No further drainage/exudate
-active infections may not be covered to compete

-initially presents similar to other bacteria infections. similar to abscess/furuncle
-often confused with spider bite
-lesion may start as small pustule that develop into larger abcess/pustule with area of erythema & some tissue necrosi

31
Q

miliaria

A

Fine red- or skin-colored papules
caused by blockage of eccrine glands
due to sweating

32
Q

chillblain/pernio

A

Blotchy red or purple lesions that
present several hours after
cold exposure

33
Q

fungal infections

A

intertrigo
tinea capitis
tinea coporis
tinea cruris
tinea pedis
tinea versicolor

34
Q

intertrigo

A

Chronic, erythematous plaques found
in skin folds. Can involve scrotum

safe to return to play, keep area dry/clean

35
Q

tinea captitis

A

Scaly, gray patches with mild hair loss

oral antifungal

2 wks min of systemic treatment

36
Q

tinea captitis

A

Scaly, gray patches with mild hair loss

toral antifungal

2 wks min of systemic treatment

37
Q

tinea corporis

A

Round, well-defined, erythematous,
scaly plaque with raised borders. Tinea
corporis gladiatorum (tinea corporis
found in wrestlers) frequently has a
more irregular lesion

topical for at least 72 hours, lesion covered with gas permeable membrane

38
Q

tinea pedis

A

Erythematous, pruritic scales between
the toes, on the plantar aspects, and
sides of the feet

may compete if lesion well covered

39
Q

tinea cruris

A

Well-defined boarder with erythematous
pruritic scaly plaque in skin folds of
groin. Scrotum usually not involved

may compete if well covered

40
Q

tinea versicolor

A

topical 2-4 wks, can play

Asymptomatic, hypopigmented or
hyperpigmented macules, commonly
found on trunk.

41
Q

corn, callus

A

Calluses are hyperkeratotic, nonpainful
lesions caused by friction. Corns also
are caused by friction, but contain a
painful central core.

42
Q

piezogenic
papules

A

Fatty herniations through fascial tissue
in the heels. Can be painful or asymptomatic

43
Q

viral infections

A

Molluscum contagiosum

HSV

44
Q

HSV RTS criteria

A
  • free of systemic symptoms such as fever, malaise
    -no new blisters developed for 72 hours
    -all lesion surmounted with firm adherent crust
    -completed min 120 hours of systemic antiviral
    -active lesions cannot be covered to participate
45
Q

Molluscum contagiosum

A

Typically presents as umbilicated, or
delled, flesh-colored to light-pink pearly
papules, measuring 1 to 10 mm in
diameter

can cover with gas permeable membrane

46
Q

What to do if Type I DM is less than 100 mg/dL?

A

Specifically NATA recommends; Administer 10 g to 15 g of fast-acting carbohydrate: eg, 4 to 8 glucose tablets, 2 T honey. Measure blood glucose level. Wait approximately 15 min and remeasure blood glucose.

If blood glucose level remains low, administer another 10 g to 15 g of fast-acting carbohydrate. Recheck blood glucose level in approximately 15 min.

If blood glucose level does not return to the normal range after second dosage of carbohydrate, activate emergency medical system. Once blood glucose level is in the normal range, athlete may wish to consume a snack (eg, sandwich, bagel)

47
Q

2 requirements to diagnosis EIA?

A

-Symptoms
-Obstructed Airways
dec by 10-15 % in FEV
Both with exercise

48
Q

Rescue inhaler medication

A

rapid acting inhaled B2-agonists

49
Q

Classification of Asthma:

A

Step 1: mild: FEV in 1 sec or PEF >80%
Step 4: severe FEV or PEF <60%

50
Q

If PEF is < 80% of best or predicited what is the initial treatment?

A

Inhale a rapid-acting B2 agonist
up to 3 tx in 1 hr

51
Q

Volkmanns contracture

A

Ischemic contracture occurs when there is a lack of blood flow to the forearm

could be caused by increased pressure due to swelling or compartment syndrome
leads to contracture deformities of the fingers, hand and wrist

52
Q

Major Risk Factors for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?

A

Prior cardiac arrest*
Family Hx of SCD
Unexplained syncope
Left ventricular wall thickness > 30 mm
Abnormal blood pressure response to exercise
Nonsustained spontaneous ventricular tachycardia

53
Q

When to RTS after liver injury

A

when enzymes have normalized

54
Q

Severe hypoglycemia

A

Mental status changes
Autonomic Changes
Collapse

Treat w/ glucagon

1 mg subcutaneous
Intramuscular injection

55
Q

RR Emergency

A

> 25 breaths/min

56
Q

EIA can be triggered by:

What will you see a dec in?

A

cooler & dryer air drawn into the lungs

Dec in FEV1

57
Q

When should insulin dependent diabetics postpone exercise?

A

level is above 250 w/ presence of urine keytones

OR
above 300

58
Q

Mono recovery time, RTS

A

spleen at risk first 21 days
initial recovery 7 days
but really 2-3 wks
asymptomatic to rts, 3 wks rest

59
Q

Scoliosis:

What is the cut off score for the Adam’s forward bend test?

A

Difference in 8 mm side to side or 7 degrees (correlates to a COBB angle of 20 degrees)

Can be measured with a scoliometer

60
Q

Y balance cut off

A

anterior reach- 4cm

posterior/lat-6cm

61
Q

scoliosis- who should be referred to ortho

A

Skeletally immature children w/ curves >20 deg Cobb angle

OR fully mature adolescents with curves greater than 40 degrees

62
Q

Types of football pads (3)

A

non cantilever pads- QB/WR< more freedom of movement. some OL who use hands more

nside cantilever - fits under the arch of the shoulder pads and rests against the shoulder. It is more common because it is less bulky than the outside cantilever.
Outside cantilever - sits on top of the pad, outside of the arch. It provides a larger blocking surface and affords more protection to those who are in constant contact, such as linemen.
Double cantilever - combination
of both the inside and the outside cantilever,
affords a player the greatest amount of protection but
is not feasible for all positions because of its bulk.

63
Q

Types of football pads (3)

A

non cantilever pads- QB/WR< more freedom of movement. some OL who use hands more

nside cantilever - fits under the arch of the shoulder pads and rests against the shoulder. It is more common because it is less bulky than the outside cantilever.
Outside cantilever - sits on top of the pad, outside of the arch. It provides a larger blocking surface and affords more protection to those who are in constant contact, such as linemen.
Double cantilever - combination
of both the inside and the outside cantilever,
affords a player the greatest amount of protection but
is not feasible for all positions because of its bulk.

SCS Mine (29 decks)

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