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unit 2 biology > Kingdom protista > Flashcards

Kingdom protista Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the characteristics of kingdom protista?

A
  • Eukaryotic
  • Live in moist or wet environments
  • Most diverse of all eukaryotes
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2
Q

What are the characteristic of plant like protista?

A
  • Photosythetic
  • Contains chlorophyll
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3
Q

What does euglena need to survive and what does it look like?

A

(plant like)
- They need water, carbon dioxide and sunlight to survive
- Flagella used for movement( random movements)
- Light sensitive structure (has a red eye spot which detects light and stays in that area

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4
Q

What does Green algae look like?

A

(plant like)
- Bi flagellated ( two flagellas)
- Unicellular

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5
Q

What does volvox look like?

A

(plant like)
- Unicellular
- Babies inside larger sphere of adults

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6
Q

What is algae?

A
  • Plant like seaweeds but lack true leaves, stems and roots
  • May be filamentous, grow in mats or crusts, sheets, or kelp. Some grow up yo 100m
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7
Q

What colour is pheaophyta algae?

A

Brown/yellow pigments

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8
Q

What are the characteristics of phaeophyta?

A
  • Brown/yellow
  • Fast growing kelp ( 1 to 2 feet a day)
  • Important source of algin
  • Used as a thickener/stabilizer
  • Emulsifier in many products
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9
Q

What colour is rhodophyta algae?

A

Red pigment

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10
Q

What are the characteristics of rhodophyta?

A
  • Coralline algae ( can go deep)
    -CaCo3 in cell walls (defense and structure)
  • Encrusting ( Important component of coral reef environments)
  • Source of carrageenan ( a seasoning) & agar
  • Used as an emulsifier and gel thickeners
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11
Q

What colour is chlorophyta algae?

A

Green pigments from chlorophyll

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12
Q

What are the characteristics of chlorophyta?

A
  • Green pigments from chlorophyll
  • Diverse morphologies ( filamentous, sheets, spongy)
  • Important component of coral reef environments
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13
Q

What are the characteristics of animal like protista?

A
  • Heterotrophic
  • Get their food by eating different things to fuel cellular respiration
  • No cell walls
  • No flagella
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14
Q

What are some examples of animal protista?

A

Amoebas and paramecium

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15
Q

What are the characteristics of amoebas?

A
  • Single celled
  • To eat it extends its membrane and engulfs the pray and digests it
    alive (AKA endocytosis)
  • Uses pseudopods to move and eat
  • No defined body shape
  • Found in fresh water ( they are saltier than the water)
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16
Q

What are the characteristics of paramecium?

A
  • Single celled
  • Uses cilia for movement
  • Food gets caught on cilia and pushes food into oral groove
  • Leaves waste in anal pore which gets pushed out into water again ( AKA exocytosis)
  • Contractile vacuoles to remove fresh water to prevet explosion
17
Q

What are the characteristics of fungus like protista?

A
  • Breaks down what its sitting on and eat it ( decomposers)
  • Feed by endocytosis
  • Has cell walls made of cellulose
  • Live in cool damp habitats
18
Q

Whats an example of fungi protista?

A

Water mold

19
Q

What are the characteristics of water mold?

A
  • Whitish, cottony mold od dead fish
  • Covers the fishes gills which prevents it from breathing
  • Long strings that filament into eachother
  • Produces fruiting bodies similar to fungi
  • The cause of the irish potato famine
20
Q

How do amoebas move?

A

(Animal like protist)
Creep slowly by streaming their cytoplasm in extentions known as pseudopodia

21
Q

How does paramecium move?

A

(Animal like protist)
Cilia ( many short hairlike structures) propel a cell through water like a rowboat

22
Q

How does euglena move?

A

(Plant like protist)
Flagella ( long hair like projections) waves like a tail to propel the protist forward

23
Q

What does the single celled protist life cycle look like?

A

They reproduce asexually (binary fission) and sexually (conjugation)

24
Q

What does the multicellular protists life cycle look like?

A
  • May involve the formation of sex cells ( haploid sperm and egg)
  • When sex cells fuse, diploid zygota is formed
  • Some alternate between a diploid and haploid stage
25
Q

How do we think eukaryotic cells may have evolved?

A

By endosymbiosis

26
Q

What is the endosymbiotic theory?

A

Ancestor of the chloroplast was likely a photosythetic cyanobacterium

27
Q

What is endocytosis?

A

The process of taking in matter bu a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole

28
Q

What is chloroplats?

A
  • Contain their own DNA and reproduce separetly from the cells
  • Inherited in cell division - not made by plants

unit 2 biology (9 decks)

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