Fungi Flashcards
What are the 7 characteristics of fungi?
- Eukaryotic
- No true vascular system ( no roots)
- Primarily multicellular
- Heterotrophic ( decomposers by absorbing what its sitting on)
- Have sexual and asexual reproduction
- Cell wall contains chitin
- Fungi are grouped into divisions based on their pattern of sexual reproduction
Whats the importance of hyphae?
- Body of multicellular fungi are composed of hyphae
- Hyphae grows into a mass called mycelium
- Mycelium absorbs nutrients from food
What are the 3 types of fungi divisions?
- Division zygomycota
- Division ascomycota
- Divison Basidiomycota
What are the characteristics of division zygomygota?
- Cases like repoductive structure and spores
- Resembles a bulb filled with spores
- Case opens ip to relase spores
- Ex bread mold
What is the asexual reproduction process of zygomycota?
- Hyphae extends along surface and into food ad absorbs water and sugar
- Black sporangia form
- Each contains thousands of spores
- Spores dispersed by wind
What is the sexual reproduction process of zygomycota?
- Two genetically different hyphae are produced
- Upon contact a zygospore forms
- Remains dormant until conditions improve
What are the characteristics of division ascomycota?
- Forms in a row inside the long sac
- Sac called ascus and ascospores fill it
- Ex penicillin
What is and who created penicillin?
- Alexander fleming discovered that a chemical released by penicillium limited bacterial growth
- First antibiotic
What are the characteristics of yeast?
- Unicellular
- Reproduce asexually most of the time
- Remains dormant till warm water and sugar is present
- Reproductions occurs rapidly via budding
What are the aplications of yeast?
- Anaerobic respiration( fermentation)
- Carbon dioxide and ethanol released as byproducts
- Yeast is heavily used in the bread and alcohol industry
What are the characteristics of division basidiomycota?
(Club like fungi)
Examples: mushrooms, ruts, puffballs, backet fungi
What are the characteristics of gilled mushrooms?
- Umbrella shaped cap
- Gills (lamellae) on underside
- Each gill contains thousands of basidia
- Each bisadium contains thousands spores
- Dispersed by wind
What is the sole characteristic of imperfect fungi?
No know sexual phases
Whats an example and characteristic of imperfect fungi?
- Trichophyton rubrum
- Causes athletes foot
- Lives in warm damp places ( floors of showers, pools)
- Symptoms: redness, cracked and peeling skin, itching, burning, and stinging.
What are the symbiotic relationships of fungi?
Some fungi are parasites they are specialized to penetrate a host and break down the hosts tissues
- Parasitic fungi often cause illness and may eventually kill the host
