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Biology > Kingdom Animalia/ invertebrates > Flashcards

Kingdom Animalia/ invertebrates Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Zoology

A

Study of animals

Zo-ology

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1
Q

Animal

A

Multicellular eukaryotic heterotroph that ingest its food

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2
Q

What is an invertebrate?

A

An animal without a backbone

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3
Q

How diverse are invertebrates?

A

95% of animals are invertebrates

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4
Q

What do invertebrates have to do with the Cambrian Explosion?

A

Invertebrates originated from the explosion

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5
Q

When we talk about invertebrates or animals what kingdom are we in?

A

Kingdom Animalia

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6
Q

What do Phylum Porifera include?

A

Sponges

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7
Q

6 facts about Phylum Porifera

A
  • Asymmetrical
  • No specialized tissue
  • One cell type
  • Filter feeders
  • Choanocytes
  • Mostly marine
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8
Q

What did animals evolve from?

A

Choanoflagellates

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9
Q

Choanocytes (2 facts)

What are the similar to?

A

Flagellated feeding cell in sponges
Traps food particles around its flagellum

Choanoflagellates

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10
Q

Phylum Cnidarians

Mouth and anus?
Symmetry?
Growth

A
  • Radial symmetry
  • Specialized tissue
  • Cnidocytes
  • Nematocysts
  • Mouth and anus is same hole
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11
Q

What things are in Phylum Cnidaria?

A

Coral
Hydra
Jellyfish

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12
Q

What are Cnidocytes?

A

Type of cell tissue in tentacles that help catch their prey

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13
Q

Nematocysts

A

Specialized cnidae that kill prey

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14
Q

What do Phylum Platyhelminthes include?

A

Flatworms

Tapeworms

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15
Q

Phylum Platyhelminthes

Growth?
Symmetry?
Mouth and anus?

A
  • Bilateral symmetry
  • Pancaked worms
  • Grow Continuously
  • Mouth and anus same hole
  • Digestive cavity
  • No organs
  • No body cavity
  • Acoelomates
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16
Q

Coelomates

A

An animal that has a body cavity lined by tissue

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17
Q

What is one example of Flatworms?

A

Planaria

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18
Q

What kind of worms are classified under Class Cestoda?

A

Tapeworms

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19
Q

Class Cestoda

A
  • Unique lifestyle
  • Have to move through many things in as hosts in their life cycle
  • Parasites
  • Use sucker to latch onto host
  • in P. Platyhelminthes
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20
Q

What common worm do Phylum Annelida include?

A

Segmented worms

Earth worms

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21
Q

Phylum Annelida

Growth?
Symmetry?
Mouth and anus?

A
  • Bilateral symmetry
  • Continuous growth
  • Round body shape
  • Rings/segment on body
  • True coelomates
  • Marine or freshwater
  • Separate mouth or anus
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22
Q

What are the three main groups Phylum Annelida can be divided in?

A

Polychaeta
Oligochaetes
Leeches

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23
Q

Polychaete

A

Many bristles used to move

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24
Q

Oligochaetes

A

No worms

Earthworms-Detritovore-ingest organic debris like soil

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25
Q

Leeches

A

Free living parasite

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26
Q

What are some common things in Phylum Mollusca?

A 
Snails
Slugs
Oysters
Clams
Octopuses
Squids
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27
Q

Phylum Mollusca

Growth?
Symmetry?
Mouth and anus?

A
  • Bilateral
  • Continuous growth
  • Coelomates
  • 3/4 are gastropods
  • Visceral mass
  • Mantle
  • Produce hard shell
  • Foot to move around
  • Separate mouth and anus
28
Q

Visceral mass

A

In molluscs

Houses complex organs

29
Q

Mantle

A

In molluscs

Tissue that protect visceral mass and can produce a hard shell

30
Q

What phylum is Class Gastropoda in?

A

Phylum Mollusca

31
Q

What kinds of things do Class Gastropoda include?

A

Snails

Slugs

32
Q

Class gastropods

Facts about snails and slugs

A

-Continuos growth
-Coelomates
-3/4 of mulluscs are gastropods
Torsion

Snail-shell
Slug-soft shell or no shell

33
Q

Torsion

What class does it refer to?

A

Anus up by their head

Class Gastropoda

34
Q

What kinds of things do class Bilvalvia include?

A

Clams
Oysters
Mussels
Scallops

35
Q

Class Bivalvia

A
  • Enclosed in hard shells
  • Shell divided into two halves
  • 2 shells can come together
  • Complex organs
  • Suspension Feeders
36
Q

What things are found in Class Cephalodopa?

A

Octopus
Squid
Nautilus

37
Q

Octopus

A

Class Cephalodopa

Totally reduced mantle

38
Q

Squid

A

Class Cephalodopa

Slightly reduced mantle

39
Q

Nautilus

A

Class Cephalopoda

Mantle

40
Q

Class Cephalopoda

A
  • Complex eyes

- Foot is modified into arms

41
Q

What is an interesting fact about Phylum Mollusca?

A

Most documented extinction

42
Q

What is the common name for Phylum Roundworms?

A

Phylum Nematoda

43
Q

What is an example of a virus or parasite of a round worm?

A

Trichinella which can infect humans and cause swelling around eyes if thy eat undercooked bear meat

44
Q

What is another type of worm in Phylum Nematoda besides roundworms?

A

Hookworms

45
Q

Phylum Nematoda

Growth?
Symmetry?

A
  • Bilateral symmetry
  • Grow by molting
  • Cylindrical
  • Longitudinal segments
  • Mostly parasites
46
Q

Molting

A

Grow in stages and have to shed their exoskeleton in order to grow again

47
Q

Old Friend’s Hypothesis

A

Different places with different worms can treat autoimmune deficiencies

48
Q

Phylum Arthopoda

Growth?
Symmetry?

A
  • Bilateral symmetry
  • Biggest Phylum
  • Grow by molting
  • Hard exoskeleton
  • Segmented body
  • Jointed appendages for locomotion and feeding
49
Q

General characteristic of Arthopods?

A

Like army knife

50
Q

Class Archnida

A

Have 8 legs

51
Q

Class Insecta

A
  • Have 6 legs
  • Many have wings
  • Wings are separate from legs
52
Q

What are some things found in Class Insecta?

A

Butterfly’s
Walking stick
Beetles

53
Q

Subphylum Crustacea

A

-Highly specialized branched appendages

54
Q

What are some things in Sub Phylum Crustacea?

A

Crabs
Lobster
Copepods
Barnacle

55
Q

What Phylum is Sub phylum Crustacea in?

A

Phylum Arthopoda

56
Q

Protostome

Examples?

A

Embryo development mode where mouth develops first from blastopore

Molluscs
Annelids

57
Q

Deuterostome

Examples?

A

Embryo development mode where anus is develops first from blastopore

Echinoderms
Chordates

58
Q

What things to Phylum Echinoderms include?

A

Urchins
Sea cucumbers
Starfish
Sand Dollars

59
Q

Phylum Echinodermata

Growth?
Symmetry?

A
  • Young have bilateral symmetry
  • Adults have radial symmetry
  • Very slow or sessile
  • Not invertebrates
  • Have exoskeleton that gives them structure
  • Water vascular system
60
Q

Water vascular system

A

In Echinoderms

Allow them to draw water in and then spit it out to move and feed

61
Q

What things evolved from Phylum Chordata?

A

Humans and animals

62
Q

What kind of symmetry do Chordates have?

A

Bilateral symmetry

63
Q

What are two variations of Cnidarians body plan?

A

Polyps

Medusa

64
Q

Polyp

A

Sessile variant of cnidarian body plan

65
Q

What are some examples of the polyp form?

A

Corrals

66
Q

Medusa

A

Floating, flattened, mouth down version of cnidarian body plan

67
Q

What are some examples of the medusa form?

A

Jellyfish

Biology (9 decks)

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