Fungi

Question 0

2 types of fungi that act as pathogens?

Answer 0

1. Chesnut Blight- on Chestnut trees

2. Wheat ergot-fungi that grows on wheat and create LSD

Question 1

What Kingdom are fungi in?

Answer 1

Unikonta

Question 2

Salem Witch Trials and Fungi?

Answer 2

Crazy ness may have been caused by LSD in wheat bread

Question 3

What are some practical uses of fungi?

Answer 3

• Antibiotics
• Foods
• Kill bacteria for us
• Yeast used to make beer, without O2 the end product is ethanol

Question 4

How big is a honey mush room?

Answer 4

600 tons

Question 5

Hyphae

Answer 5

Network of tiny filaments in fungi

Question 6

What are fungal cell walls made of?

Answer 6

Chitin

Question 7

Mycelia, Mycelium

Answer 7

Branched network of hyphae

Question 8

What are the most common body structures of fungi?

Answer 8

1. Unicellular-yeast
2. Multicellular filaments
3. Both

Question 9

Mycorrhizae

Answer 9

Association of plant roots and fungus.

Help give plants phosphate to plants

Question 10

What are the 2 main types of mycorrhizal fungi?

Answer 10

Ectomycorrihizal fungi

Endo or Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Question 11

Ectomycorrhizae

Answer 11

Grow outside of the roots of cell

Question 12

Endo/ Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Answer 12

Hyphae penetrate inside of cell wall

Question 13

Specialized Hyphae in Mycorrhizal Fungi?

Answer 13

Trap and kill prey

Haustoria

Question 14

Haustoria

Answer 14

Specialized hyphae that can get nutrients from living plant cells

Question 15

Chemical Mycorrhizae Warfare

Answer 15

Garlic Mustard

Exotic plant that has become invasive by having their roots produce a chemical that kills off mycorrhizae of other plants

Question 16

How do fungi reproduce?

Answer 16

Sexual

Asexual

Question 17

Deuteromycetes

Answer 17

All fungi lacking sexual reproduction

Question 18

How do fungi reproduce asexually?

Answer 18

Growing as single celled yeast that bud off.

Question 19

2 ways fungi reproduce sexually?

Answer 19

Mycorrhizae exchange haploids

Shoot out spores

Question 20

What is the ancestor of fungi?

Answer 20

An aquatic single celled flagellated protist

Question 21

Opisthokonts

Answer 21

Fungi, animals, some protist with posterior flagellum

Question 22

Nucleariids

Answer 22

Unicellular protist
Consist of amoebas that eat bacteria and algae
Posterior flagella forever

Question 23

About when did fungi colonize land?

Answer 23

Around the same time as plants

420 MYA

Question 24

What evidence do we have of relationships between plants and fungi?

Answer 24

Fossils of hyphae that penetrated plant cells and formed haustoria and Arbuscular mycorrhizae

Question 25

``` Phylum Chytridiomycota (fungi?) 4 facts ```

Answer 25

- Fungi called chytrids - Have flagellated spores - wet/moist environment - Similar to Nucleariids

Question 26

Chytrids (phylum)

Answer 26

Chytridomycota - lakes and soil - decomposers - digest food in cattle stomach - cw made of chitin - zoospores

Question 27

Zoospores

Answer 27

Flagellated spores Chytrids have them

Question 28

What are leas susceptible to parasitic fungi that what?

Answer 28

Animals | Plants

Question 29

BD

Answer 29

fungal infection that infect amphibians and eat away their charatin

Question 30

What is an exception that animals are less susceptible to parasitic fungi than plants?

Answer 30

Chytridomycousis

Question 31

Phylum Zygomycota ( 2 Examples)

Answer 31

Zygosporangium stage Rhizopus stolonifer-Black bread mold Pilobus-shoot spores toward bright light

Question 32

Phylum Glomeromycota

Answer 32

-Mostly all form Arbuscular mycorrhizae or endomycorrhizae

Question 33

Phylum Ascomycota

Answer 33

- Produce spores in saclike during reproduction structure called ascus - important decomposers

Question 34

Study on how fungi also helps obtain nitrogen?

Answer 34

Endophytes benefit cacao trees by reducing leaf mortality and damage caused by a viral pathogen

Question 35

Fungi animal symbiosis

Answer 35

Fungi help animals digest food | Help ants digest leaves

Question 36

Ascomycete Delicacies

Answer 36

Truffles | Morsels

Question 37

Brain Fungus What happens if its not properly cooked?

Answer 37

Poisonous false morsel Release chemical called MMH which is used in rocket fuel

Question 38

Phylum Basidomycota

Answer 38

Common name is club fungi Structure called basidium is club like Important decomposers of wood

Question 39

4 Examples of Basidomycota?

Answer 39

Dog stinkhorns Foxfire Shelf fungi Puffballs

Question 40

What sp includes magic mushrooms?

Answer 40

Psilocybe sp which produce psilocybin

Question 41

What can magic mushrooms help with?

Answer 41

Cluster headaches

Question 42

Why are Magic Mushrooms tough to ID?

Answer 42

Many mushrooms that look them are actually poisonous

Question 43

Fly Argaric

Answer 43

Produces chemical called Ibontenic acid

Question 44

What two things are lichens?

Answer 44

Pioneers- open new environments Bio indicators- not tolerant to air pollution

Question 45

What are some things in Phylum Ascomycota? 3

Answer 45

Green Capped Jelly Bean Penicillium Dead mans fingers

Question 46

Facts about foxfire?

Answer 46

Are bioluminescent in sex stage or during warning coloration

Question 47

Mycosis

Answer 47

General term for a an infection caused by a fungal parasite

Question 48

Opportunistic mycoses Example?

Answer 48

Occur when a change in the body's microorganisms Candida

Question 49

Candida

Answer 49

Yeast infection

Question 50

Systemic mycoses Example?

Answer 50

Spread through the body and cause serious illness

Question 51

California/Valley Fever

Answer 51

Caused by fungal infection

Question 52

What is a practical antibiotic that uses fungi?

Answer 52

Penicillin