Kidney structure

Question 1

What do the kidney tubules do?

Answer 1

Produce and eliminate aqueous solutions derived from the blood or ECF

Question 2

What is the main structural and functional unit of the kidney?

Answer 2

Nephrons

Question 3

What are the 2 types of nephrons?

Answer 3

Cortical and juxtamedullary

Question 4

What is the difference between the cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons?

Answer 4

Cortical nephrons are located in the outer region of the cortex and only extend a little bit into the renal medulla, and the juxtamedullary nephrons have much longer loops of Henle and extend deeper into the medulla

Question 5

What is the glomerulus?

Answer 5

The twisted ball of capillaries where solutes are first pulled out of the blood

Question 6

What is the structure that surrounds the glomerulus in the nephron?

Answer 6

Bowman’s capsule

Question 7

How does blood flow through the kidney?

Answer 7

Blood comes in through the renal artery, then the blood enters the afferent arteriole into the glomerulus. After going through the glomerulus, the blood goes through the efferent arteriole. Then goes through the peritubular capillaries and down alongside the loop of Henle in the vasa recta. Then after reabsorbing everything it needs, the blood leaves the kidneys through the venules