Kidney

Question 1

what are the 3 main areas of the kidney

Answer 1

1. cortex
2. medulla
3. pelvis

Question 2

what are the 2 types of nephron

Answer 2

cortical and juxtamedullary

Question 3

where is renin produced

Answer 3

in the afferent artery of the glomerulus in the bowmans capsule of the nephron in the kidney

Question 4

rate of filtrate formation - glomerula filtration rate

Answer 4

urine is formed at 1ml/min

Question 5

what the key areas of the nephron

Answer 5

1. bowmans capsule
2. glomerulus
3. prominal tubule
4. loop of henle
5. distal tubule
6. collecting duct

Question 6

what is obligatory reabsorption

Answer 6

water is obligued to follow the solutes as they are reabsorbed (to maintain the osmotic gradient)

Question 7

what facultative reabsorption

Answer 7

variable water reabsoption
regulated by the affects of ADH and aldosterone on the principle cells of the renal tubules and collecting ducts

Question 8

how does ADH work

Answer 8

1. vasoconstriction
2. fluid reabsorption (aquaporins)

Question 9

what is the affect of angiotensin II

Answer 9

1. sympathetic activity
2. reabsorption of Na+ Cl; excretion of K+; H2O retention
3. makes the cortex of the adrenal gland produce aldosterone
4. arteriola vasoconstriction
5. posterior pituitary gland to produce ADH

all this increases BP

Question 10

what is the filtrate rate of the kidney

Answer 10

125ml/mim