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Physiology > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

what are the areas of the adrenal gland

A
  1. capsule
  2. zona glomerulosa
  3. zona fasciculata
  4. zona reticularis
  5. medulla
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2
Q

what is produced in the medullary of the adrenal gland

A

epinephrine and norepinephrin

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3
Q

what is produced in the zona glomerulosa

A

aldosterone and corticosterone

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4
Q

what is produced in the zona fasciculata

A

cortisol and cortisone

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5
Q

what is produced in the zona reticularis

A

estrogens and testosterone

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6
Q

what does cortisol do

A
  1. regulates metabolism
  2. metal wakefulness
  3. response to danger
  4. cognition
  5. healing
  6. blood sugar
  7. fluid balance
  8. BP
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7
Q

What does adrenalin do?

A
  • increase breathing
  • blood circulation
  • carbohydrate metabolism
  • preps muscles for exertion
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8
Q

where is adrenalin produced

A

exclusively in the meulla of the adrenal gland

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9
Q

what is adrenalin synthesised from

A

noradrenalin

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10
Q

which adrenergic receptors does adrenalin activate

A

both alpha and beta

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11
Q

4 effects of adrenalin:

A
  1. increase heartrate
  2. relax breathing tubes
  3. increase BP
  4. increase blood sugar
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12
Q

noradrenalin:

A
  • released by adrenal medulla
  • neurotransmitter
  • raise BP
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13
Q

where is noradrenalin produced

A

medulla of the adrenal gland and
sympathetic nervous system

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14
Q

what is noradrenalin synthesised from

A

dopamine

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15
Q

which adrenic receptors does noradrenalin activate

A

only apha receptors

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16
Q

what is the main effect of noradrenalin

A

increase BP by vasoconstriction

17
Q

what are the effects of ACTH

A
  1. produce aldosterone
  2. cortisol
  3. sex hormones
  4. epinephrin and
  5. norepinephrin
18
Q

functions of the liver (that we are concerned with)

A
  1. detox
  2. storage
  3. blood sugar
  4. produce bile
  5. make proteins
  6. immune system
  7. metabolism
19
Q

what is the role of the pineal gland

A

produce melatonin

20
Q

what does the pituitary glnd produce

A
  1. ADH
  2. oxytocin
  3. TSH
  4. ACTH
  5. prolactin
  6. growth hormone
  7. gonadotropic hormones

Physiology (14 decks)

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