Khan Flashcards
May, might, must, can, could, shall, should, will, would
Modal verbs
Indicate modality
he must have gone that way.
Likelihood
You must be this tall to ride
obligation
it may rain
possibility
you may enter
permission
I can
ability
I would
possibility
you shouldn’t
advice
He will/shall
future
Personal and reflexive first person singular
Personal: Me
Reflexive: Myself
Personal and reflexive first person plural
Personal: Us
Reflexive: Ourselves
Personal and reflexive second person
Personal: You
Reflexive: Yourself/Yourselves
Personal and reflexive third person singular
Personal: It/Her/Him
Reflexive: Itself/Herself/Himself
Personal and reflexive third person plural
Personal: Them
Reflexive: Themselves
Modal verbs
May, might, must, can, could, shall, should, will, would
Object pronouns
Me, Us, You, It, Her, Him, Them.
Use reflexive pronouns when…
The subject and object are the same thing.
ex. Janelle made herself breakfast.
Is proper use of reflexive verb?
You can talk to Vidya or myself.
No. Vidya or me. you and myself not the same
Relative Pronouns
Link independent and dependent clause.
Relative pronouns (list)
Who, Whom, Whose, that, and Which
Which relative pronouns refer to people
Who, Whom, Whose, That.
Which relative pronouns refer to things
Whose, That, and Which
Preposition
words that indicate direction, position, time, or location. where, when and how things are
Preposition: At
Preposition of time: A precise moment.
Preposition of space: A specific point.
Preposition: By
Preposition of time: Precise end of something.
Preposition of space: Near something
Preposition of neither: Agency Who did the thing
Preposition: For
Preposition of time: Duration
Preposition of neither: Use
Preposition: In
Preposition of time: Bounded duration. (In March)
Preposition of space: An enclosed area
Preposition: On
Preposition of time: Specific time. (On the 31st)
Preposition of space: Surface
Preposition: Since
Preposition of time: Precise start time
Preposition: Until
Preposition of time: Precise ending
Preposition: From
Preposition of space: Somewhere else to here
Preposition: Off
Preposition of space: Away from surface
Preposition: Out
Preposition of space: Away from enclosed space
Preposition: To
Preposition of space: Direction
Compound prepositions
A preposition that consists of more than one word. Does the same as a one-word preposition. Explains a relationship or shows location.
ex. ahead of, along with, due to etc.
A modal verb is a type of verb that is used to indicate modality – that is:
Auxiliary verbs that add meaning to the main verb in a sentence by expressing modality such as likelihood, ability, permission, request, capacity, suggestions, order, obligation, or advice.
Preposition: About
Neither: Specific subject.
Preposition: Of
Neither: Belonging
Preposition: With
Neither: Together
Preposition: Between
Compound: considers individuals
Lit: Between the rain drops.
Met: Can’t decide between
Preposition: Among
Compound: Considers collectively
Lit: Among the daisies. (not distinguishing between individual daisies.)
Met: Among the ideas you’ve had.
Preposition: Around
Compound:
Lit: Fox ran around the tree.
Met: The mayor talked around the issue.
Preposition: Against
Compound: Opposition
Lit: leaned against a tree.
Met: campaigned against something
Preposition: Within
Compound: Inside
Lit: Frog within the pond
Met: whats within her heart
Preposition: Without
Compound: Not with
Lit: Without you.
Preposition: Inside
Compound: In/within
Lit: Whats inside the box.
Met: Inside her mind.
Preposition: Beyond
Compound: Far away/past
Lit: Beyond those mountains.
Met: Beyond anything I’ve had before.
Prepositional Phrases
A prepositional phrase is a group of words consisting of a preposition, its object, and any words that modify the object. Usually modifies a verb or a noun.
Can be used as nouns, adverbs, or adjectives.
That vs Which
That bad with commas
Which bad with people. That refers to anything
Who or Whom
Who is a subject
Whom is an object
Can use who as an object but not Whom as a subject
First person pronouns
me, us, I, we
Second person pronouns
You
Third person pronouns
he, she, they, them, everybody, it, nothing
Indefinite Pronoun
undefined uncertain
ex. any, anybody, each, everyone, nobody
Indefinite pronouns 3
- can be subject or object
- both, neither, and either sets of 2
- usually treated as singular
Relative adverbs
where, when, why
ex. That is where I grew up. (modifies not question)
Adjective order (dosa scomp)
Determiner Opinion Size Age Shape Color Origin Material Purpose
What to do with adjectives from same dosa scomp categories
use comma between them.
check by reversing order or try putting and between. If either work needs a comma
Comparative adjective
more or less
ex. raul is happier than mark
Superlative adjectives
most or least
ex. gabreila is the happiest person
Cute
one syllable ends with e
comparative - add r (cuter)
superlative - add st (cutest)
Big
one syllable, one vowel, one consonant
comparative - double con + er (bigger)
superlative - double con + est (biggest)
Short
one syllable, two consonants
comparative - add er
superlative - add est
Sweet
one syllable, two vowels
comparative - add er
superlative - add est
Shiny
two syllables, ends in y
comparative - Y to I add er
superlative - Y to I add est
Magnificent
Two+ syllables doesn’t end in Y
comparative - more magnificent
superlative - most magnificent
Coordinating Conjunctions
Unite words phrases and clauses
FANBOYS
For- since because And- combines one thing with another Nor- combine untrue things But- expresses exceptions Or- chooses between options Yet- to the contrary So- shows consequence
Subordinating conjunctions
unite independent and dependent clauses
Correlative conjunction
related, a matched set
ex. either/or, neither/nor, both/and, as/so, whether/or
