Keywords chp 5

Question 1

Antiquity

Answer 1

the time of the Greeks and Romans (Dutch: de (Klassieke) Oudheid)

Question 2

scholar

Answer 2

a person who studies a subject in great detail. (Dutch: geleerde)

Question 3

Homo Universalis:

Answer 3

a person who is an expert in many different fields

Question 4

Renaissance

Answer 4

a period in history that is seen as the rebirth of antiquity.

Question 5

Memento Mori

Answer 5

Latin for ‘remember that you will die’; the motto during the Middle Ages.

Question 6

Worldview

Answer 6

the way a person interprets events in the world.

Question 7

Carpe Diem

Answer 7

Latin for ‘seize the day’; the motto during the Renaissance.

Question 8

Artists

Answer 8

people that make works of art and are paid and respected for it.

Question 9

Printing press

Answer 9

a device that made it possible to copy texts faster and more easily than before.

Question 10

Silk route

Answer 10

an overland trade route that linked Europe to Asia

Question 11

Monopoly

Answer 11

the right to be the only one to trade in a specific product or
in a certain area

Question 12

Age of Discovery

Answer 12

the time in which European countries explored the world (1450 until 1700)

Question 13

Cape of Good Hope

Answer 13

the southern-most point of Africa

Question 14

Spice trade

Answer 14

the trade in valuable spices from Asia, such as cinnamon, pepper and nutmeg

Question 15

Naval power

Answer 15

when a country has a strong fleet of war ships

Question 16

Reconquista

Answer 16

the name for the war in which Christians reconquered
Spain on the Moors

Question 17

Indians

Answer 17

the name Columbus gave to the natives of America

Question 18

New World

Answer 18

nickname of America given by Europeans who hoped
to start a new life there

Question 19

Saint

Answer 19

a title the pope gave to a deceased person who had lived a very devout life

Question 20

Pilgrimage

Answer 20

a journey to a holy place

Question 21

Relics

Answer 21

the remains of saints or objects that a saint has touched.

Question 22

Diet

Answer 22

a parliament-like meeting between the rulers of the Holy Roman Empire

Question 23

Indulgences

Answer 23

letters signed by the pope or a bishop in which all your sins were forgiven

Question 24

Excommunicate

Answer 24

the power of the pope to exclude someone from the Catholic Church (so he can’t go to heaven)

Question 25

Reformers, reformation

Answer 25

people who wanted to reform the Catholic Church, like Luther and Calvin : the split between the Catholic and the Protestant church

Question 26

Protestants

Answer 26

all the followers of the reformers

Question 27

Lutherans

Answer 27

protestants who prefer the ideas of Martin Luther over those of other reformers

Question 28

Counter-reformation

Answer 28

Catholic reaction to the reformation, meant to protect their church and reform all Protestants

Question 29

Inquisition

Answer 29

special department of the Catholic Church that dealt with heretics. ALSO: the systematic persecution of Protestants in Europe

Question 30

Heretics

Answer 30

people who have a different view on their religion than the official view

Question 31

Gewesten

Answer 31

the seventeen provinces that formed the Low Countries (the Netherlands)

Question 32

states-General

Answer 32

a meeting of representatives from the 17 Provinces.

Question 33

centralisation

Answer 33

different areas whom at first were separated are brought together and are now ruled by 1 person.

Question 34

Governor

Answer 34

the person who rules an area for the King while he is away

Question 35

Tolerance

Answer 35

to allow things that are forbidden by the government of your country, or that are not common

Question 36

Stadtholder

Answer 36

a nobleman who represented the king in one or more provinces

Question 37

to abdicate

Answer 37

a monarch stepping down from the throne

Question 38

Petition (or: Petition of Nobles)

Answer 38

a document that 200 nobles handed to Margaret of Parma, asking the king to end the inquisition, lower taxes and give back more power to the Dutch nobles.

Question 39

Geuzen (Beggars)

Answer 39

protestants who fled from Alva and supported William of Orange and his rebellion.

Question 40

compromise

Answer 40

compromise

Question 41

Iconoclasm (Beeldenstorm)

Answer 41

the event in which Protestants destroyed images and statues in Catholic Churches in 1566.

Question 42

Mandate

Answer 42

the authority to carry out a policy or specific order.

Question 43

Council of Troubles

Answer 43

a special tribunal to convict all the people who were involved in the Iconoclasm

Question 44

tribunal

Answer 44

a special court that is appointed to deal with particular problems.

Question 45

mercenary

Answer 45

a professional soldier who will fight for anyone (or any country) as long as he gets paid.

Question 46

to besiege

Answer 46

to surround a city with your army and wait until the people inside starve or give up.

Question 47

Union of Utrecht

Answer 47

Union of Utrecht

Question 48

Union of Atrecht

Answer 48

an alliance of several southern provinces who stayed loyal to Philip II

Question 49

Act of Abjuration

Answer 49

the declaration of independence from king Philip II, signed by the provinces of the Union of Utrecht (Dutch: Acte van Verlatinge)