5.1 The renaissance Flashcards
What is the renaissance
The Renaissance period was a cultural movement that started in the Italian city-states.
Why did the renaissance start in Italy
- The merchants and bankers were rich and could afford expensive buildings and pieces of art.
- The Romans came from Italy and their buildings were still to be seen there.
- ## Refugees arrived from Constantinople with knowledge of antiquity.
Why did the fall of Constantinople fuel the Renaissance?
- thousands of refugees fled from Constantinople to the Northern Italian city-states. Among them were scholars, architects, poets, astronomers, scientists and artists who brought their money, books and skills
- the people of Constantinople had been able to copy and preserve it. Now they brought the knowledge to the Italian city-states.
- the knowledge of the refugees fuelled the interest in antiquity.
How did peoples’ worldview change during the Renaissance?
During middle-ages:
- life was a test
- God would decide if they went to heaven
- Feared death not life
- if they didn’t live life according to the words of the priests they went to hell
During Renaissance:
- new views on religion, humans, and the world
- Scholars started to study ancient texts, which made them change their worldview.
- No longer did they focus on the mystical power of God or the fear of going to hell, but on the ability of humans to think for themselves.
- became less influenced by the church.
people should enjoy life by having elaborate parties, buying fancy clothing and hiring skilled artists and architects to make beautiful paintings, sculptures and buildings.
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How did art change during the Renaissance?
Before:
- painters and sculptors were seen as craftsmen and almost all art was commissioned by the church. Their arts had to represent a Christian theme
After:
- Painters, sculptors and architects were hired by bankers and merchants who wanted to enjoy life.
- needed someone to decorate their homes or to make building plans for new palaces.
- Craftsmen increased their skills, which made their art look more realistic , with colour and depth.
- shifted from biblical themes to scenes from antiquity
How did Renaissance ideas spread across Europe?
Because of the invention of the printing press; it allowed for improved communication accross Europe and it spread ideas quicker
1450
Johannes Gutenberg invents printing press
1453
Ottomans conquer Constantinople
1503
da Vinci starts painting the Mona Lisa
1543
Copernicus publishes his theory of a sun centered universe
When do historians say that the Middle-Ages end?
Around the 15th centuries
Changes that occurred
- Ottomans conquered constatinople (the Byzantine Empire) renamed it isantbul and made it the capital of a new muslim empire
- The invention of the printing press, around 1450, meant that knowledge and ideas could spread more quickly.
- In 1492 Columbus discovered America. This would change the people’s old world view completely.
- Firearms were invented. Canons and rifles were primitive in the beginning, but this new way of warfare marked the beginning of a new Age. Castles were no longer a good defense against canons. After the Middle Ages castles would not be built anymore
- The black death
The black death
A disease that killed 1/3 of the European population
During it people thought it the disease started bc of people’s sins so, they turned to the church for help, but they didn’t have any answers nor could help.
before it, people but their faith to the pope, after it they started to doubt it, they didn’t think everything he said was the absolute truth
During middle ages what did people do/believe
- church is always right
- used bows and arrows
- had handwritten books
- the earth is flat
- a christian empire
After middle ages what did people do/believe
- critical towards the church
- used firearms
- had printed books
- earth is a globe
- Ottaman empire (islam)
