Key words ages 7-8 Flashcards

1
Q

American Revolution

A

the struggle for independence by British colonists in America

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2
Q

13 colonies

A

British colonies along the east coast of North America

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3
Q

Militias

A

civilian armies established to defend against Native Americans and other colonists

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4
Q

Patriots

A

colonists who used methods of direct action to oppose the taxation acts

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5
Q

The boston tea party

A

ships carrying tea were attacked and the tea was dumped into the harbour as an act of protest against the taxation acts

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6
Q

Continental congress

A

a convention of delegates from all the Thirteen Colonies

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7
Q

Declaration of independence

A

a document declaring the Thirteen Colonies independent

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8
Q

USA

A

a country consisting of the former American British colonies

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9
Q

Federation

A

a country that consists of states, each with their own government, which are ruled on a national level by a federal government

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10
Q

The constitution

A

the supreme law describing the relationship between the citizens and the
government and the way the government works

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11
Q

The bill of rights

A

the first ten amendments to the constitution which describe individual rights of citizens and limit the power of the government

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12
Q

Ancien Régime

A

a period of time in which the French king had absolute power

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13
Q

3rd estate

A

every French citizen who did not possess a noble title or was not a clergyman

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14
Q

Bourgeoisie

A

professional and wealthy people in the third estate, such as doctors, lawyers and bankers

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15
Q

Priveleges

A

special rights that some people / groups have while others don’t.

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16
Q

Estates-general

A

a meeting in which representatives of the three estates together discussed important matters

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17
Q

Revolution

A

a change from one – often political – system to another, in a relatively short period of time

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18
Q

National assembly

A

in 1789, a meeting was established by disappointed members of the third estate; several members of the lower nobility and clergy also joined

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19
Q

Tennis court oath

A

a pledge of the third estate and it’s sympathisers not to break-up the National Assembly until a new constitution for France had been written

20
Q

The great fear

A

a revolt from peasants against their landlords on the countryside

21
Q

Decleration of the Rights of man and of the citizen

A

in 1789, a declaration was written by the National Assembly, stating that everyone is born free and is equal in the eyes of the law

22
Q

March on Versailles

A

in October 1789, thousands of angry people went to the Palace of Versailles for a violent confrontation with the Royal court.

23
Q

Reign of terror

A

a period of violence in French Revolution marked by mass executions using the guillotine

24
Q

Jacobines

A

a political group that dominated the National Assembly and started the Reign of Terror; Robespierre was one of them

25
The guillotine
a quick method of execution by beheading
26
Dictoire
a committee which governed France after the Reign of Terror
27
Fist Coalition war
a military conflict between France and European countries that did not agree with the French Revolution
28
Coup d'états
when a government is overthrown by another government
29
Napeoleonic wars
seven wars between France and other European countries between 1804 and 1815
30
Code napoleon
political and legal system introduced by Napoleon Bonaparte
31
Civil code
a collection of laws, designed to deal with the most important areas of private law
32
Scorched earth tactic
destroy your own crops and food supply so it can't be used by the enemy.
33
Industrial revolution
a radical change in which manual labour was replaced by machines
34
Modern age
the period in time from 1800 up to now
35
Entrepeneurs
persons who start or run a business with the goal of making profit
36
Steam power
an energy source that is derived from heating water; steam is the gas phase of water
37
Factories
large buildings in which machines are operated to make a product
38
Services
a work sector in which people offer their service in exchange for money; other sectors are agriculture and industry
39
Capitalism
an economic system in which making profit and private ownership are essential
40
Employer
a person or institution which hires employees to do a certain job in exchange for a wage
41
Employee
works for an employer in exchange for a wage
42
Socialism
a political and economic system in which equality is important; ways of making money are owned by the whole society
43
Trade union
organisation of labourers and union leaders with the goal of improving the work situation
44
Social issue
the problem of bad working, health and living conditions of the labourers
45
Social laws
laws that helped to improve the living and working conditions of labourers