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Science > Key Terms & Concepts Ecology > Flashcards

Key Terms & Concepts Ecology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Ecosystem

A

All the interacting parts of a biological community and its environment.

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2
Q

Biodiversity

A

the number and variety of life forms; including species, ecosystem and genetic, found within a specific region.

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3
Q

Niche

A

A subset of habitat where only a particular species lives.

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4
Q

Community

A

all the populations of the different species that interact in a specific habitat or ecosystem.

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5
Q

Population

A

all the individuals of a species that occupy a particular geographic area at a certain time.

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6
Q

Species

A

a group of organisms that can reproduce with one another in nature and produce a fertile offspring.

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7
Q

Food chain

A

the order of events in an ecosystem, where one thing eats another

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8
Q

Food web

A

all of the food chain in an ecosystem or a system of interlocking and independent food chains.

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9
Q

Tropic level

A

a category of organisms that is defined by how the organism gains their energy.

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10
Q

Producer

A

something that creates its own energy and food.

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11
Q

Consumer

A

an organism that obtains energy by consuming another organism.

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12
Q

Décomposer

A

something that has the ability to break down dead organisms into smaller particles and create kew compounds.

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13
Q

Photosynthesis

A

a process that runs solar energy into chemical energy.
Formula: light energy+6CO2+6H2O=C6H12O6 +6O2
Formula: light energy + carbon dioxide+water=glucose +oxygen

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14
Q

Cellular respiration

A

a process that releases energy from organic molecules, like carbohydrates in the presence of oxygen.
Formula: C6H12O6+ 6O2=6CO2+6H2O+energy
Formula: Glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water + energy

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15
Q

Carbon cycle

A

A nutrient cycle that goes through the atmosphere, biosphere and lithosphere

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16
Q

Nitrogen cycle

A

A nutrient cycle that goes through the atmosphere, biosphere and hydrosphere.

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17
Q

Water cycle

A

A nutrient cycle that goes through the hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.

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18
Q

Phosphorus cycle

A

A nutrient cycle that goes through the lithosphere, biosphere and hydrosphere.

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19
Q

Ecological succession

A

the process by which the mix of species and habitat in an area that changes over time.

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20
Q

Biosphere

A

The parts of the earth where living things can exist.

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21
Q

Lithosphere

A

The hard part of earths surface.

22
Q

Hydrosphere

A

All the water found on earth.

23
Q

Atmosphere

A

The layer of gases above earths surface.

24
Q

Competition

A

occurs when two or more organisms compete for a resource

25
Q

Mutualism

A

a symbiotic relationship between two organisms in which both benefit from the relationship.

26
Q

Parasitism

A

a relationship between two organisms in which one benefits at the expense of the other without, occasionally without killing off the organism.

27
Q

Commensalism

A

a relationship where one organism benefits without harming the other organism.

28
Q

Symbiosis

A

is a relationship between two organisms that are in close association.

29
Q

Keystone species

A

species that are so abundant that they have the biggest biomass of any community.

30
Q

Invasive species

A

a species that can take over the habitat of native species.

31
Q

Ecological ncihe

A

the way that an organism occupies a position in an ecosystem, including all the necessary biotic and abiotic factors.

32
Q

Ecological footprint

A

represents the demand made on the ecosystem and natural resources

33
Q

Global warming

A

is the long term warming of the planet’s overall temperature.

34
Q

Renewable energy

A

energy for a source that is not depleted when used, such as wind, or solar energy.

35
Q

Non-renewable energy

A

energy that comes from sources that will run out or will not be repleted in the near future.

36
Q

Energy conservation

A

the prevention of the wasteful use of energy and to ensure its continued availability.

37
Q

Energy conservation

A

the prevention of the wasteful use of energy and to ensure its continued availability.

38
Q

Sustainability

A

use of earth resources, including lands and water, at a level that can continue forever.

39
Q

Greenhouse effect

A

the warming of the earth as a result of greenhouse gases, which trap some of the energy that would otherwise leave earth.

40
Q

Ozone depletion

A

is the thinning of ozone in the ozone layer.

41
Q

Deforestation

A

the practice of clearing forests for logging and not replanting them.

42
Q

Overfishing

A

fishing for human uses and never in large quantities faster than fish can reproduce.

43
Q

Pollution

A

the presence or introduction into the environment of a substance or thing that has harmful or poisonous effects.

44
Q

Acid rain

A

rain, snow, or fog that is unnaturally acidic due to gases in the atmosphere that react with water and from acidic rain.

45
Q

Eutrophication

A

a process in which nutrient levels in aquatic ecosystems increase, leading to an increase in the populations of primary producers.

46
Q

Conservation

A

the preservation of natural and environment and ecosystems and the things they inhabit.

47
Q

Restoration

A

accelerate or recreate the recovery of an ecosystem that has been disturbed.

48
Q

Wetland

A

an area of land over which the run-off drains into a body of water.

49
Q

Desertification

A

the change of non-desert land into a desert; desertification may result from climate change and unsustainable farming or water use.

50
Q

Ecosystem engineer

A

Is something that can create, modify or destroy a habitat.

Science (11 decks)

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