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Business studies > KEY EQUATIONS > Flashcards

KEY EQUATIONS Flashcards

1
Q

Absenteeism

A

Total days absent in the month X100 / Total available working days in the month

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2
Q

Lateness

A

Total number of late arrivals X100/ Total numbers of scheduled attendances

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3
Q

Productivity

A

Output/ Average number of employees

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4
Q

Labour Turnover

A

Number of employees leaving during the year/ Average number employed during the year X100

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5
Q

Market Share

A

Sales / Total market sales X100

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6
Q

Market Growth

A

Change in sales / Original sales X100

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7
Q

Price Elasticity of Demand

A

% change in demand / % change in price

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8
Q

Income Elasticity of Demand

A

% change in demand / % change in income

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9
Q

Cross Elasticity of Demand

A

% change in demand for A / % change in price of B

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10
Q

Advertising Elasticity of Demand

A

% change in demand/ % change in advertising

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11
Q

Return on Capital Employed (ROCE)

A

Profit before Tax and Interest / Long term Capital Employed

X100

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12
Q

Gross Profit Margin

A

Gross profit / Turnover

X100

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13
Q

Net Profit Margin

A

Net profit / Turnover

X100

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14
Q

Asset Turnover

A

Turnover / Net Assets

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15
Q

Stock Turnover

A

Cost of Sales / Stock

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16
Q

Debtor Collection Period

A

Debtors / Turnover

X365

17
Q

Creditor payment period

A

Creditors / Cost Of Sales

X365

18
Q

Current Ratio

A

Current assets/ Current liabilities

19
Q

Acid Test Ratio

A

Current assets- stock/ Current liabilities

20
Q

Gearing Ratio

A

Fixed cost capital / Long term capital

X100 for a %

21
Q

Interest Cover

A

Profit before tax and interest / interest

22
Q

Earnings per Share (EPS)

A

Profit after Tax / Number of ordinary shares

How much profit each share generates

23
Q

Price Earnings Ratio

A

Share price / EPS

The number of times the share price can be divided by the EPS, higher the better

24
Q

Dividend per Share

A

Dividend / Number of shares

how much dividend received per share

25
Q

Dividend Yield

A

Dividend per share / Share price

Dividend per share as a % of the share price

26
Q

Dividend Cover

A

Profit after Tax / Dividends

How many times dividends can be paid from net profits

27
Q

ARR ( average rate of return)

A

Average Profit / Capital Outlay

average profit = Total Revenue - Capital outlay/ Lifetime

28
Q

Pay Back

A

Remaining to pay/ revenue

X12 .

Business studies (13 decks)

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