Key concepts: Neurulation Flashcards
neurulation definition
a process in which the neural plate bends up and later fuses to form the hollow tube that will eventually differentiate into the brain and the spinal cord of the central nervous system.
neurulation process
notochord formed
releases FGF
causing ectodermal proliferation
ectoderm thickens and the neural plate is formed
centre of the plate is pulled down and the ends of the neural plate fold closer
neural folds= folded edges
nearly formed circle= neural groove
ectodermal cells begin to specialise
at the ends of the brutal folds the neural crest cells form
edges of the neural folds fuse
forms the neural tube
neural tube is pulled under the ectoderm, neural crest cells just above and notochord underneath
what are the 2 ends of the neural tube called
anterior neuropore
posterior neuropore
when does the anterior neuropore close
24 days
when does the posterior neuropore close
26 days
how do the neuropores close
cells differentiate
but requires folate
3-5mg/day
what happens if neuropores don’t close
CNS defects
what does the neural tube form
CNS
vesiculation
formation of vesicles
what occurs at the cranial end in vesiculation
primary then secondary vesicles
primary vesicles
prosencephalon
mesencephalon
rhombencephalon
secondary vest;es
telencephalon
diencephalon
mesencephalon
metencephalon
myelencephalon
which primary vesicles divide
prosencephalon
rhombencephalon
prosencephalon division
telencephalon
diencephalon
rhombencephalon division
metencephalon
myelencephalon
telencephalon
cerebral hemispheres
diencephalon
thalamus
hypothalamus
mesencephalon
midbrain
metencephalon
pons
cerebellum
myelencephaon
medulla
neural crest cells differentiation
in another section of key concepts just be aware
caudal end differentiation
layers of neural tube forming dorsal and ventral grey horns
3 layers of the neural tube
marginal zone
mantle zone
neuroepithelial zone
structures made from the caudal end
alarplate
basal plate
alarplate
dorsal bunny ears
dorsal grey horn
sensory neurons
basal plate
ventral bunny ears
ventral grey horn
motor neurons
what is left in the centre after caudal end differentiation
small hole
becomes spinal Canal which contains CSF
