Key concepts: Ectoderm Flashcards
neural tube formation brief
noto chord formed
secretes growth factors and proteins
thickens the ectoderm
forms neural plate
in the centre of the neural plate is a divot
forms neural groove
neural fold cells differentiate
cells on end are neural crest cells
eventually folds will fuse and bud underneath the ectoderm
forms neural tube with the neural crest cells surround the neural tube
neural tube ends
circle that hasn’t closed off
anterior and posterior neuropores
when there’s increased folate the holes will close
and become gesticulation and become the CNS
anterior neuropore closure
day 24/25
posterior neuropore closure
day 26/28
what are the components of the CNS
neurons
glial cells
posterior pituitary
pineal gland
retina
how do you remember what the neural crest cells form
crest cell
what do neural crest cells differentiate to form
chromaffin cells
rostral tissues (connective tissue, bones and muscles of head and neck)
enteric nervous system
Schwann cells
the PNS
carotid bodies
endocardial cushions
light/dark cells (melanocytes)
leptomeninges (AM and PM)
satellite cells
what are plascodes
thickened tissues
around the primitive groove
what are the main plascodes
olfactory
lens
otic
other plascodes
nodose
trigeminal
genticulate
all develop into ganglia for cranial nerves
what does the rest of the ectoderm form
surface ectoderm
olfactory plascode
tissue on the roof of the nasal cavity
olfactory epithelium with receptor and supporting cells
for smell
lens plascode
accommodation
otic plascode
becomes the inner ear
cochlear, vestibule and semicircular canals
surface ectoderm
becomes epithelial tissue:
epidermis
nails
hair
sweat glands
roof of nasal cavity
oral cavity
external ear canal
inferior anus
