Key Concepts Flashcards
Culture
A shared way of life of a group or society
E.G langauge, clothing
Identity
A sense of self, how we see our self and how we want be perceived by others
Influenced by agents of socialisation
Gender
the attitudes, behaviors, norms, and roles that a society or culture associates with an individual’s sex assigned at birth,
Sex
The biological division into male or female
Socialisation
The process of learning the norms and values of society
Taught through the agents of socialisation (primary and secondary)
Agents of socialisation
-Family (primary)
-Education
-Media
-Religion
-Workplace
-Peer group
Status
The position or rank someone holds ( hierarchy)
Can be ascribed or achieved
Ascribed status
Status that is given to you at birth / inherited
For example, Heir to throne
Achieved status
Status that is earned through merit and hard work
For example, doctor
Norms
Rules or expectations that are enforced by society
For example, wearing clothes in the streets
Values
What we see as important and value as a society
For example, health
Sanctions
Put in place to praise following the rules of society ( conformity) or punishment for breaking rules ( deviance)
Hidden curriculum
The norms and values teachers teach students throughout the day at school, not part of the formal timetable
Role
A part you play that is associated with particular norms and values
Role conflict
Where the demands of one role clash with the demands of other roles played.
E.G daughter, sister, doctor
Formal social control
Written rules and laws written by powerful agents E.G police and courts
Informal social control
Controlling people’s behaviour using informal methods in everyday situations
E.G detention
Subculture
A smaller culture within a culture with its own set norms and values
What did Margaret Mead find out about the gender roles within the different cultural Tribes? Examples?
-Gender roles, norms and behaviour varied between the tribes and cultures
-The Arapesh Tribe- Both males and females were gentle and co-operative
-The Mudugumor Tribe- Both genders were both violent and aggressive
-The Tachambuli Tribe- The women are dominant and aggressive and don’t have much involvement in childcare. Men are timid and emotionally dependent and spend most of their time adoring their bodies. Aggressive men are seen as abnormal
-
How does the hidden curriculum socialise children into their gender roles?
-Differences in the subjects males and females choose to study. Subjects like HSC, art , social sciences, languages etc, are feminised . Boys are more likely to chose ICT, sciences and PE.
-Behaviour in the classroom. Boys may be expected to be disruptive in class and need encouraging to do their work so may be more tolerant of this behaviour from boys than if it was a girl.
-Representations of girls and boys in books. Still fall into the distinct gender roles. E.G boys playing outside, girls helping mum with the cleanining
How does the media socialise us into gender roles?
-Through movies, television, and literature, the media reinforces gender stereotypes and shapes perceptions of what it means to be a boy or a girl. E.G men are often portrayed as heroes in movies and TV, reinforcing traditional gender roles. Women are often portrayed as being housewives in a nuclear family
Cultural Diversity
-The differences between cultures
E.G Margaret Meads research on gender roles in the different tribes
