Key Concepts

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

A shared way of life of a group or society

E.G langauge, clothing

Question 2

Identity

Answer 2

A sense of self, how we see our self and how we want be perceived by others

Influenced by agents of socialisation

Question 3

Gender

Answer 3

the attitudes, behaviors, norms, and roles that a society or culture associates with an individual’s sex assigned at birth,

Question 4

Sex

Answer 4

The biological division into male or female

Question 5

Socialisation

Answer 5

The process of learning the norms and values of society

Taught through the agents of socialisation (primary and secondary)

Question 6

Agents of socialisation

Answer 6

-Family (primary)

-Education
-Media
-Religion
-Workplace
-Peer group

Question 7

Status

Answer 7

The position or rank someone holds ( hierarchy)

Can be ascribed or achieved

Question 8

Ascribed status

Answer 8

Status that is given to you at birth / inherited

For example, Heir to throne

Question 9

Achieved status

Answer 9

Status that is earned through merit and hard work

For example, doctor

Question 10

Norms

Answer 10

Rules or expectations that are enforced by society

For example, wearing clothes in the streets

Question 11

Values

Answer 11

What we see as important and value as a society

For example, health

Question 12

Sanctions

Answer 12

Put in place to praise following the rules of society ( conformity) or punishment for breaking rules ( deviance)

Question 13

Hidden curriculum

Answer 13

The norms and values teachers teach students throughout the day at school, not part of the formal timetable

Question 14

Role

Answer 14

A part you play that is associated with particular norms and values

Question 15

Role conflict

Answer 15

Where the demands of one role clash with the demands of other roles played.

E.G daughter, sister, doctor

Question 16

Formal social control

Answer 16

Written rules and laws written by powerful agents E.G police and courts

Question 17

Informal social control

Answer 17

Controlling people’s behaviour using informal methods in everyday situations

E.G detention

Question 18

Subculture

Answer 18

A smaller culture within a culture with its own set norms and values

Question 19

What did Margaret Mead find out about the gender roles within the different cultural Tribes? Examples?

Answer 19

-Gender roles, norms and behaviour varied between the tribes and cultures

-The Arapesh Tribe- Both males and females were gentle and co-operative
-The Mudugumor Tribe- Both genders were both violent and aggressive
-The Tachambuli Tribe- The women are dominant and aggressive and don’t have much involvement in childcare. Men are timid and emotionally dependent and spend most of their time adoring their bodies. Aggressive men are seen as abnormal
-

Question 20

How does the hidden curriculum socialise children into their gender roles?

Answer 20

-Differences in the subjects males and females choose to study. Subjects like HSC, art , social sciences, languages etc, are feminised . Boys are more likely to chose ICT, sciences and PE.

-Behaviour in the classroom. Boys may be expected to be disruptive in class and need encouraging to do their work so may be more tolerant of this behaviour from boys than if it was a girl.

-Representations of girls and boys in books. Still fall into the distinct gender roles. E.G boys playing outside, girls helping mum with the cleanining

Question 21

How does the media socialise us into gender roles?

Answer 21

-Through movies, television, and literature, the media reinforces gender stereotypes and shapes perceptions of what it means to be a boy or a girl. E.G men are often portrayed as heroes in movies and TV, reinforcing traditional gender roles. Women are often portrayed as being housewives in a nuclear family

Question 22

Cultural Diversity

Answer 22

-The differences between cultures
E.G Margaret Meads research on gender roles in the different tribes