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2016 Rapid Review! > key associations 2 > Flashcards

key associations 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Gastric cancer

A

Adenocarcinoma

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2
Q

Glomerulonephritis (adults)

A

Berger disease (IgA nephropathy)

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3
Q

Gynecologic malignancy

A

Endometrial carcinoma (most common in US); cervical carcinoma (most common worldwide)

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4
Q

Heart murmur, congenital

A

Mitral valve prolapse

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5
Q

Heart valve in bacterial endocarditis

A

Mitral > aortic (rheumatic fever), tricuspid (IV drug abuse)

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6
Q

Helminth infection (US)

A

Enterobius vermicularis, Ascaris lumbricoides

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7
Q

Hematoma—epidural

A

Rupture of middle meningeal artery (trauma; lentiform shaped)

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8
Q

Hematoma—subdural

A

Rupture of bridging veins (crescent shaped)

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9
Q

Hemochromatosis

A

Multiple blood transfusions or hereditary HFE mutation (can result in heart failure, “bronze diabetes,” and ^risk of hepatocellular carcinoma)

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10
Q

Hepatocellular carcinoma

A

Cirrhotic liver (associated with hepatitis B and C and with alcoholism)

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11
Q

Hereditary bleeding disorder

A

von Willebrand disease

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12
Q

Hereditary harmless jaundice

A

Gilbert syndrome (benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia)

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13
Q

HLA-B27

A

Psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, IBD-associated arthritis, reactive arthritis (formerly Reiter syndrome)

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14
Q

HLA-DR3

A

Diabetes mellitus type 1, SLE, Graves disease, Hashimoto thyroiditis, Addison disease

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15
Q

HLA-DR4

A

Diabetes mellitus type 1, rheumatoid arthritis, Addison disease

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16
Q

Holosystolic murmur

A

VSD, tricuspid regurgitation, mitral regurgitation

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17
Q

Virchow triad

A

Hypercoagulability, endothelial damage, blood stasis (^risk of thrombosis)

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18
Q

Hypertension, 2°

A

Renal artery stenosis, chronic kidney disease (eg, polycystic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy), hyperaldosteronism

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19
Q

Hypoparathyroidism

A

Accidental excision during thyroidectomy

20
Q

Hypopituitarism Pituitary

A

adenoma (usually benign tumor)

21
Q

Infection 2° to blood transfusion

A

Hepatitis C

22
Q

Infections in chronic granulomatous disease

A

S aureus, E coli, Aspergillus (catalase ⊕)

23
Q

all catalase ⊕ organisms

A

Cats Need PLACESS to Belch their Hairballs.

Nocardia, Pseudomonas, Listeria, Aspergillus, Candida, E coli, Staphylococci, Serratia, B cepacia, H pylori

24
Q

Intellectual disability

A

Down syndrome, fragile X syndrome

25
Q

Kidney stones

A

ƒ-Calcium = radiopaque
ƒ-Struvite (ammonium) = radiopaque (formed by urease ⊕ organisms such as Klebsiella, Proteus species, and S saprophyticus)
-Uric acid = radiolucent ƒ
-Cystine = radiolucent

26
Q

Late cyanotic shunt (uncorrected left to right becomes right to left)

A

Eisenmenger syndrome (caused by ASD, VSD, PDA; results in pulmonary hypertension/polycythemia)

27
Q

Liver disease

A

Alcoholic cirrhosis

28
Q

Lysosomal storage disease

A

Gaucher disease

29
Q

Male cancer

A

Prostatic carcinoma

30
Q

Malignancy associated with noninfectious fever

A

Hodgkin lymphoma

31
Q

Malignancy (kids)

A

ALL, medulloblastoma (cerebellum)

32
Q

Metastases to bone

A

Prostate, breast > lung > thyroid

33
Q

Metastases to brain

A

Lung > breast > genitourinary > melanoma > GI

34
Q

Metastases to liver

A

Colon&raquo_space; stomach, pancreas

35
Q

Microcytic anemia

A

Iron deficiency

36
Q

Mitochondrial inheritance

A

Disease occurs in both males and females, inherited through females only

37
Q

Mitral valve stenosis

A

Rheumatic heart disease

38
Q

Mixed (UMN and LMN) motor neuron disease

A

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

39
Q

Myocarditis

A

Coxsackie B

40
Q

Nephrotic syndrome (adults)

A

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

41
Q

Nephrotic syndrome (kids)

A

Minimal change disease

42
Q

Neuron migration failure

A

Kallmann syndrome (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia)

43
Q

Nosocomial pneumonia

A

S aureus, Pseudomonas, other enteric gram ⊝ rods

44
Q

Obstruction of male urinary tract

A

BPH

45
Q

Opening snap

A

Mitral stenosis

2016 Rapid Review! (14 decks)

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