Karology

Question 0

Prometaphase

Answer 0

Nuclear envelope breaks down

Question 1

Prophase

Answer 1

Chromosomes are condensing

Question 2

Metaphase

Answer 2

Chromosomes are the most condensed and coiled also are lined up on the metaphase plate

Question 3

Anaphase

Answer 3

Sister chromosomes separate and held to opposite sides of the cell

Question 4

Telophase and cytokinesis

Answer 4

The sister chromatids are on opposite sides of the cell and the cell is pinched in half

Question 5

Demecoline

Answer 5

Prevent spindle formation and arrests mitosis between metaphase and anaphase
Depolymerization of microtubules

Question 6

EtBr

Answer 6

Prevents chromosomal condensation

Question 7

Hypertonic KCl solution

Answer 7

Causes the cell to swell which makes it easier to burst

When there is a lot of volume in the cell the chromosomes spread out from one another

Question 8

Carnoy’s fixative

Answer 8

3:1 methanol: glacial acetic acid

Makes the cell membrane extremely fragile and preserves chromosomal structure

Question 9

Methanol in Carnoy’s fixative

Answer 9

Denatures and precipitates proteins by dehydration

Question 10

Glacial acetic acid in Carnoy’s fixative

Answer 10

Coagulates nucleoproteins and cause an increase in cell volume

Question 11

Mouse chromosome style

Answer 11

Autosomal telocentric

Y acrocentric

Question 12

Metacentric

Answer 12

Centromere in the middle of the p and q arms

Question 13

Submeracentric

Answer 13

Short p arm

Question 14

Acrocentric

Answer 14

Barely any p arm

Question 15

Telocentric

Answer 15

No p arm

Question 16

G Banding

Answer 16

Uses trypsin (cuts proteins) and giemsa (stains AT regions) 
Contain condensed DNA

Question 17

R Banding

Answer 17

Uses heat denaturation and giemsa (binds to AT regions)

Less condensed DNA

Question 18

Unduplicated

Answer 18

1 chromosome, 1 chromatid

Question 19

Duplicated

Answer 19

1 chromosome, 2 sister chromatids