Kap 9: Gruppeprocesser: Påvirkning i sociale grupper Flashcards
1
Q
- Why are groups often homogeneous (comprised of members who are alike in age, sex, beliefs, and
opinions)?
a. People who are already similar to each tend to be drawn to joining the same groups.
b. Evolutionary pressures caused people with similar genes to join groups and people with dissimilar
genes to avoid each other.
c. Groups are more productive when they are homogeneous.
d. Social loafing prevents us from seeking out new people and experiences.
A
a
2
Q
- Social norms are
a. behaviors expected from people who occupy certain positions.
b. behaviors that promote mutual liking and bind members together.
c. a powerful determinant of one’s behavior.
d. group members listening to each other’s opinions
A
c
3
Q
- The presence of others increases physiological arousal. Therefore, one is expected to perform better
during a simple task in the _________ and a difficult task in the _________.
a. presence of others; absence of others
b. absence of others; presence of others
c. presence of others; same way
d. absence of others; same way
A
a
4
Q
- The tendency to engage in social loafing is stronger in _________; it is also stronger in _________.
a. men than women; Asian cultures than Western cultures
b. women than men; Asian cultures than Western cultures
c. men than women; Western cultures than Asian cultures
d. women than men; Western cultures than Asian cultures
A
c
5
Q
- Based on what you have learned about deindividuation, under which of the following conditions would
you expect a pair of 7-year-old twins who are trick-or-treating on Halloween to take more candies than
they are required to take?
a. When they were alone and anonymous.
b. When they were in a group and anonymous.
c. When they were alone and wearing costumes.
d. When they were in a group and not wearing costumes.
A
b
6
Q
- Which of the following statements best describes groupthink?
a. A collective style of thinking where maintaining a feeling of group togetherness and agreement
becomes more important than finding the optimal solution through a group discussion.
b. The tendency to make worse decisions as a group than as individuals.
c. A conversational process by which the group as a whole recommends riskier decisions than that which
any of the individual members initially recommended.
d. An authoritarian style of leadership in which the group leader tries to impose his or her will on
everyone else, leading other group members to silence themselves instead of voicing their opinions.
A
a
7
Q
- Which of the following is not a typical cause of groupthink?
a. Excessive desire to appease a leader.
b. Being anonymous.
c. Overvaluing group cohesion.
d. Being insulated from information outside the group
A
b
8
Q
- Which of the following is most likely to lead to process loss in a committee?
a. All members of the committee listen carefully to each other’s opinions.
b. The committee members are good friends and have known each other for years.
c. Individual committee members share information that others lack.
d. The most competent member on any given topic feels free to speak up.
A
b
9
Q
- Which of the following is true about research on leadership?
a. Female leaders are more likely than male leaders to be put in precarious, high-risk positions where it is
difficult to succeed.
b. The best leaders are just born that way.
c. People in all cultures value the same traits in leaders.
d. If a woman succeeds in becoming a leader of an organization and acts in an agentic way, she is
evaluated in the same way that male leaders are.
A
a
10
Q
- Which of the following strategies would help one achieve a successful negotiation?
a. Keep in mind that integrative solutions are often available.
b. Be respectful to others’ needs and take their perspectives into account.
c. Negotiate directly or face-to-face with the person on the other end of the conflict.
d. All of the above.
A
d
