Kap 7. conformity and obedience

Question 1

conformity

Answer 1

a change in behavior or belief as a result of real or imagined group pressure

Question 2

compliance

Answer 2

conformity that involves publicly acting in accord with an implied or explicit request even if privately disagreeing

Question 3

obedience

Answer 3

acting in accord with a direct order or command

Question 4

acceptance

Answer 4

conformity that involves both acting and believing in accord with social pressure

Question 5

autokinetic phenomenon

Answer 5

self (auto) motion (kinetic). The apparent movement of a stationary point of light in the dark

Question 6

sherif’s studies of norm formation

Answer 6

Deltaker var i mørkt rom og skulle gi et estimat på hvor mye et lys hadde bevegd seg. -> testet igjen neste dag, men med andre deltakere tilstede.
Undersøkte hvordan man endret sitt estimat til å passe med gruppenormen, og i hvor lang tid etter man fortsatt holdte på gruppenormen over sin egen opplevelse.

Question 7

what breeds obedience?

Answer 7

1. offerets avstand
2. autoritetens nærhet og legitimitet
3. om autoriteten var del av en respektert institusjon eller ikke
4. effekten av en ulydig deltaker

Question 8

What predicts conformity?

Answer 8

• Group size
• Unanimity (enstemminghet)
• Social impact theory (Latané s. 275)
• Status
• Public response
• No prior commitment (persiasion)

Question 9

Why do people comform?

Answer 9

• Normative influence
• Informational influence
• Cultural influence

Question 10

Why do we like to tune in to our group?

Answer 10

1. a person may fit in and follow group
2. to be accepted and avoid rejection
3. because others are an important source of information

Question 11

Normative influence

Answer 11

confirmity based on a person´s desire to fulfil others´expectations, often to gain acceptance

Question 12

Informational influence

Answer 12

confirmity occuring when people accept evidence about reality provided by other people

Question 13

social identity theory

Answer 13

a theory accredited to Tajfel and Turner which is based on the assumption that people belong to social group and derive a social identity from these groups. According to the theory we derive much of our self-esteem from our social identity, and when social identity is not satisfactory we may pursue a number of strategies to improve it

Question 14

prototype

Answer 14

a social category member who is believed to possess the typical features of the social category

Question 15

referent informatinal influence

Answer 15

social identity theorist subsume both normative and informative influence into this one term. Reffering to our ingroup as a valid source of information satisfies both our desire to be correct and part of the group

Question 16

reactance

Answer 16

a motive to protect or restore one´s sense of freedom. Reactance arises when someone threathens our freedom of action

Question 17

What are the classic conformity and obedience studies?

Answer 17

Mazafer Sherif - Norm formation
Solomon Asch - Conformity
Stanley Milgram - Obedience

Question 18

What are the 5 steps in the definition of social identities that allow for acts of extreme inhumanity?

Answer 18

1. The creation of a cohesive ingroup through shared social identification
2. Exclusion of specific populations of the ingroup
3. Threat - the outgroup represents a danger to the existence of the ingroup
4. Virtue - representing the ingroup as (uniquely) good)
5. Celebration - eulogizing imhumanity as the defence of virtue