Kap 1: Introduktion til socialpsykologi

Question 1

1. A social psychologist would tend to look for explanations of a young man’s violent behavior primarily in
terms of:
a. his aggressive personality traits.
b. possible genetic contributions.
c. how his peer group behaves.

Answer 1

c

Question 2

2. Social psychologists would be interested in all of the following topics except:
   a. Whether conscientious individuals are more responsive to punishment.
   b. How behaviors of one’s peer group might affect the way they act.
   c. How the presence of others may shape the way we think about ourselves.
   d. How performance of a group task can be influenced by the members in that group.

Answer 2

a

Question 3

3. Which of the following is true about evolutionary psychology?
   a. Most of our behaviors are rooted in biology and are unaffected by social situations.
   b. Though inspirational, evolutionary theories can hardly be tested by conducting experiments.
   c. Social behaviors do not have an evolutionary origin at all.
   d. Many unexplained social phenomena can be explained by evolutionary hypotheses.

Answer 3

c

Question 4

4. Which of the following is true about social psychology and personality psychology?
   a. Personality psychology tests how situations influence individuals, whereas social psychology examines
   how individuals affect the situations.
   b. Social psychology focuses on individual differences, whereas personality psychology focuses on how
   people behave in different situations.
   c. Social psychology focuses on the influence of situations, which is typically not the main focus of
   personality psychology.
   d. Social psychology is more closely related to clinical psychology, whereas personality psychology is
   more closely related to evolutionary psychology.

Answer 4

c

Question 5

5. Which of the following is NOT one of the goals of social psychology?
   a. To understand how people affect each other’s behavior.
   b. To understand people’s construal processes in social situations.
   c. To understand the biological roots for individual differences.
   d. To understand how people from different cultures and social backgrounds think and behave.

Answer 5

c

Question 6

6. Social psychology appears to have the largest overlap with which one of the following disciplines?
   a. Biology and Neuroscience
   b. Personality Psychology
   c. Clinical Psychology
   d. Sociology

Answer 6

d

Question 7

1. You are crossing the road when a car jumps the red light and almost hits you. You assume that the
   person is a reckless driver, but the driver is actually on his way to the hospital with a sick person in his car.
   Your assumption about the other person is an example of
   a. Personality construction.
   b. Fundamental attribution error.
   c. Random guess.
   d. None of the above.

Answer 7

b

Question 8

2. Which of the following statements is true about Wall Street Game?
   a. Calling it “Community Game” makes people more cooperative and calling it “Wall Street Game” makes
   people more competitive.
   b. Calling it either “Community Game” or “Wall Street Game” has minimal effects on people’s cooperative
   behaviors.
   c. Calling it “Community Game” does not make people more cooperative while calling it “Wall Street
   Game” makes people more competitive.
   d. Calling it “Community Game” makes people more cooperative while calling it “Wall Street Game” does
   not make people more competitive.

Answer 8

a

Question 9

3. A person approaches you at the bus stop. He asks you if you would be willing to give him $2 for taking
   the next bus as he has just lost his wallet. According to social psychologists, which of the following
   reasons will most likely influence your decision?
   a. The person’s physical appeal.
   b. The person’s gender.
   c. The person’s age.
   d. Your construal about the situation.

Answer 9

d

Question 10

4. Gestalt psychology states that:
   a. Our views on most objects are biased.
   b. We tend to construe situations objectively.
   c. We perceive the world through subjective phenomenology.
   d. All of the above.

Answer 10

c

Question 11

5. “Naïve Realism” refers to:
   a. A type of bias observed primarily in younger people.
   b. Our tendency to misbelieve that our views are always objective.
   c. A notion that most people are unrealistic.
   d. A tendency to naively believe things are accurate when in fact they are not.

Answer 11

b

Question 12

1. Which of the following is true about social cognition?
   a. Most people would rather ignore reality completely to feel better about themselves.
   b. Most people try to have an accurate view of the world but often do not have enough information to
   make accurate judgments.
   c. Most people try to have an accurate view of the world, and most people’s world view is close to a 100
   percent accurate.
   d. Most people are not concerned with having accurate information when they make decisions or
   interpret a situation.

Answer 12

b

Question 13

2. Which of the following is most true about people with high self-esteem?
   a. Most people change the way they interpret events in order to preserve their self-esteem.
   b. Few people care about maintaining their high self-esteem.
   c. Most people will do things that are against their morals or against the law in order to preserve their
   self-esteem.
   d. Most people prefer to see the world accurately, even if this means damaging their self-esteem.

Answer 13

a

Question 14

3. According to the social cognition approach,
   a. People almost always form accurate impressions about the social world.
   b. People rarely form accurate impressions of the social world.
   c. When viewing the social world, people’s main goal is to feel good about themselves.
   d. Even when people are trying to perceive the social world as accurately as they can, there are many ways
   in which they can go wrong, ending up with the wrong impressions.

Answer 14

b og c