KA4: Proteins Flashcards
Proteins can folded to what and what for
3D shapes to give them theur function
What is an enzyme?
A biological catalyst that is made of living cells
What do enzymes do?
Speed up chemical reactions
Lower the energy required for a reaction to take place
Remains unchanged at the end of the reaction
What can enzymes do?
Break down or build up substrates to form products
What is the word equation for enzymes
Substrate Enzymes Product
—————->
What does an enzyme have?
An active site for the reaction to take place in
What happens in the active site?
An enzyme-substrate complex forms which allows the reaction to take place
What are enzymes affected by?
pH and temperature
What is an optimum?
A specific temperature or pH an enzyme works best at
What happens when an enzyme is plaved in low temperatures?
It is less active but still works
What happens when an enzyme is placed in a high temperature/alkaline pH
It becomes denatured which means the shape of the active site is permanently changed causing in a slower rate of reaction
What is degredation?
Large molecules are broken down into more than one small molecule
What is an example of degredation?
Amylase
Starch —————->Maltose
What is synthesis?
When smaller molecules join together to produce a larger molecule
What is an example of synthesis?
Phosphorylase
Glucose ————————> Starch
