KA3: DNA and the production of proteins

Question 1

What do chromosomes contain

Answer 1

Genetic information that you inherit from your parents

Question 2

??? -> ??? -> ??? -> ???

Answer 2

Nucleus -> Chromosme -> Gene -> DNA

Question 3

How many chromosomes do we get from our parents?

Answer 3

23 from mum
23 from dad

Question 4

What is a gene

Answer 4

A section of DNA on the chromosomes which codes for a protein

Question 5

How is DNA structured?

Answer 5

Double helix

Question 6

What is the 2 complementary base pairings?

Answer 6

A + T
G + C

Question 7

How is DNA formed?

Answer 7

A double-stranded helix. Both strands have a sugar-phosphate backbone and are held together by complementary base pairs

Question 8

What are the 4 bases

Answer 8

Adenine
Thymine
Guanine
Cytosine

Question 9

What does the order of based determine?

Answer 9

The amino acid sequence in proteins

Question 10

What codes for one amino acid?

Answer 10

Three bases

Question 11

How are different proteins made?

Answer 11

Different sequences of bases codes for different amino acids

Question 12

What codes for the correct sequence of amino acids

Answer 12

mRNA

Question 13

What is the first stage in making a protein

Answer 13

mRNA carries a complementary copy of the genetic code from the DNA in the nucleus to a ribosome

Question 14

What is the second stage in making proteins

Answer 14

mRNA leaves the nucleus and travels to a ribosome. In the ribosome, 3 based on the mRNA strand codes for 1 amino acid

Question 15

What is the third stage in making proteins

Answer 15

The ribosome reads the mRNA strand. Amino acids line up and peptide bonds attatch the amino acids together forming a protein