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Criminal Jusitce > Juvnile > Flashcards

Juvnile Flashcards

1
Q

New Jersey has two diversionary programs authorized by the State Attorney General

A
  1. Curbside warning

2. StationHouse Adjustments

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2
Q

What is Curbside Warning

A

allows police officers to give children an informal talking to or warning

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3
Q

StationHouse Adjustment

A
  • Are more formal than curbside adjustments

- used for when juveniles are accused of behavior that could be considered a crime if committed by an adult

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4
Q

When are StationHouse Adjustments Available

A

4th Degree offenses if committed by an adult(such as shoplifting)

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5
Q

Name Helpful Programs

A 
PAL(Police Athletic Leagues)
DARE programs
Community Outreach 
School Policing/ SRO’s
Gang Awareness and Prevention
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6
Q

Community Policing

A

Police strategy that emphasizes reducing fear,organizing the community and maintaining order rather than fighting crime

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7
Q

Juvenile Officers

A

Police officers who specialize in dealing with juvenile offenders

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8
Q

Role Conflicts

A

Conflicts police officers face that revolve around the requirement to perform their primary duty of law enforcement and a desire to aid in rehabilitation youthful offenders

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9
Q

Juveniles account for nearly __ of all violent crime arrests

A

14%

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10
Q

Probable cause is defined

A

as reasonable grounds

to believe that an offense was committed and that the accused youth/person committed that offense

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11
Q

Discretion-

A

The use of personal decision making and choice in carrying out duties in the criminal justice system such as deciding whether to make an arrest

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12
Q

schools across the country there are more than

A

14,000 full time police working as school resource officers

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13
Q

(GREAT)

A

Gang Resistance Education and Training

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14
Q

GREAT was developed

A

in an effort to reduce adolescent involvement in criminal behaviors

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15
Q

Problem Oriented Policing is characterized by a 4-step model often referred to as

A

SARA:

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16
Q

What does SARA stand for

A
  1. Scanning involves identifying a specific crime problem through various data sources(EX. UCR, victim surveys)
  2. Analysis Involves carrying out an in depth analysis of the crime problem and its underlying causes
  3. Response brings together the police and other partners to develop and implement a response to the promle, based on the results produced in the analysis stage
  4. Assessment is the stage in which the response to the problem is evaluated
17
Q

Independent Juvenile Court-

A

a specialized court designed to promote rehabilitation of youths within a framework of procedural due process

18
Q

Family Courts-

A

In contrast, Family Courts have broad jurisdiction over a wide range of issues, including delinquency, paternity, child support and custody issues

19
Q

Guardian ad litem

A

A person, often an attorney, appointed by the court to investigate a case and report its findings and recommendations to the court

20
Q

Guardian Ad Litem

Developed why

A
  1. Often seen in abuse/neglect cases
  2. May be appointed in delinquency cases where there is a need for a particular type of treatment
  3. Make recommendations in court regarding the short and long term best interest of the children
21
Q

Detention-

A

Temporary care of a child alleged to be a delinquent who requires secure custody in a physically restrictive facility, pending court disposition or exceiom of a court order

22
Q

Deinstitutionalize-

A

The effort to remove juneiles from correctional institutions and place them inc community alternatives

23
Q

Juveniles bail Statutes fail into three categories:

A

Those guaranteeing the right to bail
Those that grant the court discretion to give bail
Those that deny a juvenile the right to bail

24
Q

Preventive Detention-

A

keeping the accused in custoday pror to trial bevause the accused is suspected of being a danger to the community(Scahll v Martin (1984))

25
Q

InTake Process

A

The term intake refers to the screening of cases by the juvenile court system

26
Q

Intake officers may:

A
  1. Send the youth home with no further action
  2. Divert the youth to a social agency
  3. Petition the youth to the juvenile court
  4. File a petition and hold the youth in detention
27
Q

The consent decree is a

A

court order authorizing disposition of the case without a formal label of delinquency

28
Q

Diversion

A

The official halting or suspending of a formal criminal or juvenile justice proceeding at any point after a recorded entry into justice system entry

29
Q

The argument in favor of plea bargaining include

A
  1. Lower court costs and

2. Efficiency

30
Q

Counter argument for Plea bargaining

A

Plea bargaining with juveniles is an unregulated and unethical process
When used, experts believe the process requires the highest standards of good faith by the prosecutor

31
Q

Waiver Procedures(Three)

A
  1. Concurrent Jurisdiction- In15 states and the district of Columbia, the prosecutor has the discretion of filing chargers for certain offenses in either juvenile or criminal court
  2. Statutory Exclusion- In29 states, certain offenses are automatically excluded from juvenile court. Statutory exclusion accounts for the largest number of juveniles tried as adults
  3. Judicial Waiver-A hearing is held before a juvenile court judge, who then decides whether jurisdiction should be waived and the case transferred to adult court: 45 states and the district tof co,nbia
32
Q

A adjudication

A

is comparable to an adult grand jury

33
Q

Rules of evidence in adult criminal proceeding are generally applicable in juvenile court and the standard of proof sued- beyond a reasonable doubt- is similar to that used in a adult trials

A
34
Q

Juvenile Court Trials END with:

A
  1. There is a finding of fact that the juvenile is not deliquescent or not in need of supervision
  2. The juvenile court judge makes a finding of fact that the juvenile is delinquent or in need of supervision
  3. Thejvunile court judge dismisses the case because of insufficient or faulty evidence
35
Q

Dispositions should be in the best interest of the child

IT SHOULD:

A
  1. Provide the help the resolve the adolescents personal needs
  2. Meet society needs for protection
36
Q

The major categories is dispositional choice in juvenile cases are:

A
  1. COmmunity release and probation
  2. Programs, out of home placements.
  3. Fines or restitution
  4. Communtiy service
  5. Institutionlization(rare)
37
Q

Juvenile Sentencing Structures

A
  1. Least Detrimental Alternative-Choice of a program for the child that will best foster the child’s growth and development
  2. Indeterminate Sentence- This sentence does not specify the length of time the juvenile must be held; rather, correctional authorities decide when the juvenile is ready to return to society.
  3. Determinate Sentence- Specifies a fixed term of detention that must be served
  4. Mandatory Sentence- Defined by a statutory requirement that states the penalty to be set for all cases of a specific offense

Criminal Jusitce (19 decks)

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