Justice Flashcards
distributive justice
-fair distribution of the benefits and burdens in society
procedural justice
-fair methods of making decisions and settling disputes
corrective justice
-correcting wrongs and harms through compensation or retribution
three realms of ethics
-individual
-institutional
-societal
primary concern at the individual level
-balance of benefit and harm between individuals
-ex) participation in clinical trial
primary concern at the organizational level
-net organizational benefit-enables organization to maximize its purpose now and into the future
-ex)downsizing
primary concern at the societal level
-common good for society
-ex) national health policy
How are the realms of ethics interconnected?
decision of one has the potential to affect all
characteristics of procedural justice
-oversight by legitimate institution
-transparent decision making
-reasoning according to relevant info/principles
-procedures for appealing decisions
-meaningful public engagement
who has the strongest claim on medical resources
-those with the medical condition where medication would be beneficial
-medical condition where harm would be caused without intervention
-who wants the intervention/medication
Aristotle’s approach
-individuals should be treated the same way unless they differ in a way that is relevant to the situation
Utilitarian distribution
-do the most good
-might cause unjust distribution of resources across individuals, but has overall societal benefit
-uses QALY(quality adjusted life year
-prioritized the young
Egalitarian distribution
-Everyone has a Equal chance
-ignores important factors such as need and benefit
Libertarian distribution
-each is entitled to what the can attain in a free market
–prioritizes individual rights over society, allocation by ability to pay(socioeconomic status)
-biased and not distinguished on medical benefit
Priortarian justice
-help those who are the worst off
-greatest need is hard to define and can lead to discrimination