July 9 Flashcards
Does blood pressure higher than 120/80 mm Hg count as hypertension?
Yes
Higher than 120/80 mm Hg is hypertension
Empathy is best described as?
Listening to a client but not providing any support
Providing instrumental support to an individual
The ability to identify with how another person feels
Being positive and outgoing during training sessions
The ability to identify with how another person feels
Empathy is defined as the ability to identify with another person’s feelings, attitudes, or thoughts.
A long-term client has recently indicated that she wants to start training for a fitness competition and, due to her competitive nature, she indicates that she wants to win. Which type of motivation is driving her?
Autonomy motivation
Extrinsic motivation
Intrinsic motivation
Affiliation motivation
Extrinsic motivation
Not autonomy, Autonomy motivation refers to wanting complete control over one’s life.
What is the practice of identifying a negative inner narrative and replacing it with positive statements?
Reverse listing
Stopping
Cognitive fusion
Imagery
Reverse listing
Not cognitive fusion, which occurs when clients believe their thoughts to be true.
T/F
Cognitive fusion occurs when clients believe their thoughts to be true
True
occurs when clients believe their thoughts to be true.
When a client makes a statement that supports their current behavior, what is this called?
Sustain talk
An affirmation
A collecting summary
Change talk
sustain talk
Sustain talk is when a client argues for the status quo.
Which source of social support has been shown to be particularly important for older adults?
The community
Exercise leader
Exercise group
Family
Family
Older adults often cite needing family support to participate in exercise.
Which type of support describes the actions that a person takes to help another person engage in exercise?
Informational support
Companionship support
Instrumental support
Emotional support
Instrumental support
Instrumental support can be defined as actions that directly facilitate a behavior to happen.
T/F
Instrumental support can be defined as actions that directly facilitate a behavior to happen.
true
That is true
Instrumental support can be defined as actions that directly facilitate a behavior to happen.
T/F
When a client indicates that she finds it difficult to complete a workout on her own, she is likely in need of companionship support
True
This client needs companionship support, as she finds it difficult to work out on her own.
T/F
Loaning some exercise bands to a client who is scheduled to go on vacation is an example of Instrumental support
True
Providing someone with workout bands is a tangible way to support their exercise behavior, and it is considered an example of instrumental support.
Which of the following is one of the three integrated systems in the human movement system?
A
The nervous system
B
The lymphatic system
C
The respiratory system
D
The integumentary system
A
The nervous system
T/F
A neuron is a specialized cell that is the functional unit of the nervous system
True
That’s what the test said its true
The interconnection of neurons in the brain and spinal cord is neurocircuitry
True
Some word the test said is that
rigid rods (usually along a long bone) where muscles attach are called _____
Levers
Rigid rods (usually a long bone) where muscles attach are Levers
Special cells that form and lay down new bone tissue
Osteoblasts
They black new bone tissue
Special cells that break down and remove old bone tissue
Osteoclasts
Class is boring and u want to leave
Composed of five vertebrae that fuse together as the body develops
Sacrum
Composed of three to five small, fused bones
Coccyx
T/F
Both the coccyx and the sacrum are composed of fused bones
True
But the Sacrum is Composed of five vertebrae that fuse together as the body develops
The coccyx is Composed of three to five small, fused bones
What does the term osteokinematics refer to?
A
Bone formation
B
Joint movement
C
Bone movement
D
Bone weakness
C
Bone movement
T/F
Osteokinematics refers to joint movement
False
It refers to bone movement
What are the most common joints in the human body?
Synovial joints
joint Allows movement in all three directions
Ball-and-socket joint
Joint allows movement predominantly in one direction (uniaxial)
Hinge joint
Joint that is found only in the metacarpal joint in the thumb
Saddle joint
Inner layer of fascia that directly surrounds an entire muscle
Epimysium
Connective tissue that surrounds a muscle fascicle
Perimysium
he largest bundles of fibers within a muscle
Fascicle
Connective tissue that wraps around individual muscle fibers within a fascicle
Endomysium
What are myofibrils?
A
Contractile components of a muscle cell
B
Junctions or small gaps between motor neurons and muscle cells
C
Protein-based molecules that carry oxygen into the muscle
D
Thin, stringlike myofilaments that act with myosin to produce muscle contraction
Contractile components of a muscle cell
Which of the following refers to the series of steps in muscle contraction?
A
Lengthening reaction
B
Integrative performance paradigm
C
The sliding filament theory
D
Stretch-shortening cycle
C
The sliding filament theory
Which mechanoreceptor is sensitive to changes in muscular tension and rate of that tension change, causing the muscle to relax, which prevents the muscle from excessive stress and possible injury?
Joint receptors
Golgi tendon organs
Interneurons
Muscle spindles
Golgi tendon organs
Which type of muscle fiber has a large number of capillaries?
Type IIa
Type I
Type III
Type IIx
Type I
Because of their increased oxygen demands, type I fibers have a larger number of capillaries and are often referred to as “red fibers.”
T/F
Because of their increased oxygen demands, type I fibers have a larger number of capillaries and are often referred to as “red fibers.”
True
that’s true
Because of their increased oxygen demands, type I fibers have a larger number of capillaries and are often referred to as “red fibers.”
What is the bone type of the clavicle, radius, and ulna?
Long
Short
Flat
Irregular
Long
What are the two categories of bone markings?
Irregular and flat
Surface and deep
Depressions and processes
Short and long
Depressions and processes
T/F
The majority of all bones have surface marking
True
What is the function of the neuromuscular junction?
The site of muscular contractions
The site where the nervous system and muscle fibers communicate
Exposing actin-binding sites
The sliding filament theory
The site where the nervous system and muscle fibers communicate
This junction is a small gap between a motor neuron and muscle cell known as a synapse.
The site where the nervous system and muscle fibers communicate
neuromuscular junction
Which joint is the most mobile, able to move in all three directions?
Pivot
Ball-and-socket
Hinge
Saddle
Ball-and-socket
Ball-and-socket joints are the most mobile of the joints. They allow movement in all three directions.
What is the right side of the heart referred to as?
A
The pump side
B
The return side
C
The pulmonic side
D
The systemic side
The pulmonic side
What is stroke volume?
The amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute
The amount of blood remaining in the ventricle after contraction
The amount of blood in the ventricle before contraction
The amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction
Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction.
What would be considered a normal resting heart rate for a healthy sedentary person?
120 beats per minute
50 beats per minute
80 beats per minute
105 beats per minute
80 beats per minute
Not 50
A resting heart rate of 50 BPM would be normal only for an active population. In a sedentary population, it would be classified as bradycardia.
The pancreas secretes which of the following hormones?
Testosterone
Insulin
Insulin-like growth factor
Growth hormone
Insulin
T/F
The pancreas secretes both insulin and glucagon.
True
both
The pancreas secretes both insulin and glucagon.
Which heart chamber gathers oxygenated blood coming to the heart from the lungs?
Pulmonary veins
Right atrium
Left ventricle
Left atrium
Left atrium
Which type of training would most likely lead to increased levels of testosterone, insulin-like growth factors, and growth hormone?
Overload training that is of a high intensity with prolonged rest periods
Overload training that is of a high intensity with limited rest periods
Overload training that is of low intensity with prolonged rest periods
Overload training that is of a low intensity with limited rest periods
Overload training that is of a high intensity with limited rest periods
Its that one
Prolonged rest periods have not been shown to support the increase of IGF, growth hormone, and testosterone.
Where in the digestive system are most fluids absorbed?
Large intestine
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Small intestine
Absorption does not occur in the stomach.
Which heart chamber receives oxygenated blood and pumps it to the body?
Left atrium
Left ventricle
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
Not right atrium
The right atrium gathers deoxygenated blood returning to the heart from the superior and inferior vena cava veins.
Which heart chamber gathers oxygenated blood coming to the heart from the lungs?
Left ventricle
Pulmonary veins
Right atrium
Left atrium
Left atrium
Not left ventricle
The left ventricle receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium and pumps it to the body.
T/F: Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction.
Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction.
T/F
Prolonged bouts of training or overtraining have been found raise cortisol levels. Under these circumstances, catabolism (breakdown) is likely to outstrip anabolism (buildup) and impair performance.
True
that shit true
The process of diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases in and out of the bloodstream occurs in what structure or structures?
Trachea
Alveolar sacs
Pulmonary arteries
Bronchioles
Alveolar sacs
Gases such as oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are transported in and out of the bloodstream through a process known as diffusion, which occurs in the alveolar sacs.
Gases such as oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are transported in and out of the bloodstream through a process known as _____, which occurs in the alveolar sacs.
Diffusion
Gases such as oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are transported in and out of the bloodstream through a process known as diffusion, which occurs in the ________
alveolar sacs.
What is the imaginary line that bisects the body into right and left sides?
The sagittal plane
What are the components of ATP?
Adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups
Adenine, glucose, and one phosphate group
Adenine, amino acids, and three phosphate groups
Adenine, ribose, and two phosphate groups
Adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups
Are amino acids a component of ATP?
No
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
From this question:
What are the components of ATP?
Adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups
Adenine, glucose, and one phosphate group
Adenine, amino acids, and three phosphate groups
Adenine, ribose, and two phosphate groups
Not quite!
You answered incorrectly.
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
T/F
During intermittent work (such as in team sports), all three energy systems will be needed at some point during the intermittent activity.
True
During intermittent work (such as in team sports), the different intensity levels will also have different durations, and all three energy systems will be needed at some point during the intermittent activity.
When a person loses body weight, what is the only way that mass is lost?
As ATP
As exhaled carbon dioxide
As water
As exhaled oxygen
When a person loses body weight, what is the only way that mass is lost?
As ATP
As exhaled carbon dioxide
As water
As exhaled oxygen
