Joints, Synovial Fluid and Cartilage Flashcards
Define a primary cartilaginous joint
Solely Hyaline Cartilage
Define a secondary cartilaginous joint
Hyaline and Fibrocartilage
What kind of joint is a synchondrosis?
Primary Cartilaginous
What kind of joint is a symphysis?
Secondary Cartilaginous
What are the common features of a synovial joint?
Fluid filled synovial cavity
Articular cartilage
Fibrous capsule
Synovial membrane
What are the 2 important layers within hyaline cartilage ?
Superficial/tangenital layer: Flattened chondrocytes that produce collagen and glycoproteins
Transitional layer: Round chondrocytes that produce proteoglycans such as aggrecan.
Name a type of glycoprotein found in hyaline cartilage
Lubricin
Name a proteoglycan which is found in hyaline cartilage
Aggrecan
Name a Glycosaminoglycan which is found in hyaline caftilage
Hyaluronic acid - attracts water
Name some of the properties of cartilage
Avascular
Aneural
Alymphatic
What are the 2 types of synoviocytes and what are their roles?
Type A:
Look like macrophages
Remove debris
Contribute to synovial fluid production
Type B:
Fibroblast like
Main producer of synovial fluid
What is synovial fluid comprised of?
Lubricin and Hyaluronic acid
What are the 3 functions of synovial fluid?
Nutrition for cartilage
Removal of waste products from joint
Lubrication
There are 3 main types of lubrication that take place, what are they?
Boundry: Glycoproteins i.e. Lubricin bind to receptors on the articular surface to form a film.
Hydrodynamic: The surfaces are kept apart by liquid pressure and the viscocity changes with the load and movement speed.
Weeping: Fluid that is ‘resent in the cartilage is squeezed out into the synovial cavity to increase fluid volume.
As you age the viscocity of synovial fluid ______ which causes ….
increases
Slower joint movements
Reduced lubrication
Reduced water content within the cartilage therefore reduced shock absorption
