Common Conditions of the Knee Flashcards
What are the 2 forms of meniscal tear and what are their causes?
Acute: Twisting especially in deep flexion
Degenerative: OA
How would a meniscal tear present?
Pain
Clicking
Locking
Intermittent swelling
How would you treat a meniscal tear?
Non-operative: Rest, NSAID’s and PT
Operative: Arthroscopy
Define OA
A degenerative change within the synovial joint which causes a progressive loss of articular cartilage and secondary bony changes.
Where does the Anterior Cruciate Ligament run from (ACL)?
The tibial eminences to the lateral wall of the intercondylar notch of the femur.
Which artery is the main blood supply to the ACL?
Geniculate Aretry
Which nerve innervates the ACL?
Tibial nerve
How is the ACL often torn?
Pivot injury
How would an ACL injury present?
Heard a ‘pop’ or ‘crack’
Immediate swelling
Deep pain
What are the treatments offered for ACL injury?
Non-operative: Focused quad programme
Operative: ACL reconstruction
What is the role of the superficial and deep MCL?
Superficial: Restraint to valgus stress
Deep: Contributes in full knee extension and attaches to the medial miniscus and is continuous with joint capsule
What is Osteochondritis Dissecans?
Pathological lesion affecting cartilage and subchondral bone
What are the 2 forms of Osteochondritis Dissecans?
Juvenile
Adult
Name 3 causes of Osteochondritis Dissecans
Hereditary
Traumatic
Vascular
