Joints, Muscles And Reflexes

Question 1

name some common joints

Answer 1

fiberous
cartilinginous
synovial: ball and socket, hinge, pivot, e.g

Question 2

Name the common features of synovial joints

Answer 2

Articular cartilage
Joint capsule
Synovial membrane
Synovial fluid

Question 3

Describe the articular cartilage

Answer 3

Coats the two bones that meet
Providing smooth surface
To reduce friction and distributes weight easily

Question 4

describe the joint capsule

Answer 4

wrapped in a sleeve of fibrous tissue that holds the bones together

Question 5

describe the synovial membrane

Answer 5

delicate epithelial layer lines the capsule and covers all non-weight-bearing surfaces inside the joint
secretes synovial fluid

Question 6

describe synovial fluid

Answer 6

thick, sticky fluid that fills cavity
contains phagocytes to keep joint healthy
lubricates joints
aids movements
maintains stability
prevents friction

Question 7

describe fibrous joints

Answer 7

bones forming these joints are linked with tough fibrous material
means joint is unable to move (e.g. skull, teeth)
can allow limited movement
but material limits movement but strengthens bone

Question 8

describe cartilinginous joints

Answer 8

tough fibro cartilaginous material binds bones together
can allow no movement
can allow limited, vertebrae and pubic symphysis

Question 9

describe skeletal muscle

Answer 9

contract
anchored to bones via tendons
under voluntary control
striated

Question 10

name the common sites of intra-muscular injections

Answer 10

deltoid muscle (shoulder)
rectus femoris muscle (upper thigh)
gluteus medius muscle (ass)