Joints Flashcards
Describe the anatomical position:
Facing forward arms by sides palms facing forward legs/feet together Toes facing forward (Penis erect)
Define the Sagittal plane:
A plane that cuts the body vertically from anterior to posterior
What is the median plane?
A type of sagittal plane cutting the body directly down the centre. i.e. the mid sagittal plane
Define the frontal plane and give its other name:
The plane that cuts the body vertically into posterior and anterior. Also known as teh Coronal plane
Define the transverse plane:
A transverse plane is one that cuts the body horizontally. Convention dictates that scans of this kind show the superior view of the body (looking up from the floor)
What is a joint?
A union between two or more rigid structures (bone or cartilage)
Why are joints needed?
For movement and Growth
Name the 3 main joint types (structurally):
Fibrous
Cartilogenous
Synovial
What makes up a fibrous joint?
Dense connective tissue (collagen) of high tensile strength
Do fibrous joints move?
They move in children but not in adults
What makes fibrous joints useful?
They have flexibility in children so enable flexibility in the skull of babies when passing through the tight birth canal.
Give 3 examples of fibrous joints:
Sutures between flat bones in skull
Teeth
Syndesmosis, such as the interosseous membrane between bones (e.g. tibia and fibula)
Name the 2 types of cartilaginous joints?
Synchondroses (primary) and symphyses (secondary)
What is the difference between primary and secondary cartilaginous joints?
Primary contain only one type of cartilage, secondary contain two.
What is the purpose of the synchondroses, how long do they last and what cartilage makes them up?
They allow for bone growth but not movement.
they ossify in adulthood.
hyaline cartilage.