Blood introduction Flashcards
6 Functions of Blood?
1) Carriage of physiologically acitve compounds
2) Clotting
3) defence
4) Carriage of Gas
5) Thermoregulation
6) Maintains ECF pH
Albumin plasma protein
Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein
IT transports insoluble molecules
The dominant contributer to colloid oncotic pressure
Globulin plasma protein
Alpha & beta are transport proteins
Gamma globulins are antibodies (immunoglobulins)
Fibrinogen etc
One of many clotting factors
Do plasma proteins cross the capillary wall?
No
How do plasma proteins generate oncotic pressure?
They disperse water creating an osmotic gradient which pulls water from ISF into the blood.
How does colloid oncotic pressure affect concentration and volume of fluid?
Concentration of fluids remain unchanged and the volumes of ISF & plasma alter to ensure this.
What determines net fluid movement?
Capillary hydrostatic pressure, CHP (outward)
Colloid oncotic pressure
Why isnt interstitial hydrostatic pressure involved in net fluid movement?
Its much smaller than the Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure so is negligible.
What is hypoproteinaemia?
Abnormally low levels of circulating plasma protein
What does hypoproteinaemia cause?
- Prolonged starvation
- liver disease
- intestinal diseases
- nephrosis (kidney disease)
What is the main common characteristic of hyoproteinaemia?
Oedema due to loss of oncotic pressure
What are myeloid cells?
Any blood cell that isnt a lymphocyte
How are lymphocytes formed?
- > pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells
- > Lymphocyte stem cells
- > lymphocytes
How are other blood cells formed?
- > Pluripotent hematopoeietic stem cells
- > uncommited stem cells
- > committed progenitor cells
How are mature RBC specifically formed?
commited progenitor cells
- > erythroblast (bone marrow)
- > reticulocyte (circulation)
- > Erythrocyte (circulation)
How are platelets specifically formed?
Commited progenitor cells
- > megakaryocyte (bone marrow)
- > Platelets (circulation)