Autonomic physiology 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Which nervous system contains pre- & post-ganglionic fibre?

A

The autonomic nervous system

Somatic nervous system has one long neuron all the way from CNS to skeletal muscle.

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2
Q

Which fibres in the autonomic nervous system are myelinated?

A

Pre-ganglionic fibres are always myelinated. (post-ganglionic fibres are always unmyelinated)

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3
Q

What kind of receptors are used in the autonomic nervous system?

A
Metabotropic receptors (g-protein coupled receptors) mainly
Ionotropic receptors
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4
Q

Can the autonomic nervous system excite or inhibit a target?

A

Both

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5
Q

IS the autonomic system’s junctions more or less speacilaised than the somatic?

A

Less

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6
Q

Which system of the autonomic system is designed for fight or flght?

A

the sympathetic system

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7
Q

Whats the difference between the fibre lengths in the parasympathetic and sympathetic systems?

A

Sympathetic system has short pre-ganglionic and long post-ganglionic fibres.
Parasympathetic is the opposite.

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8
Q

What part of the spinal cord does the sympathetic system exit from?

A

Thoracic (T1-T12) and lumbar (L1-L2)

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9
Q

What part of the spinal cord does the parasympathetic system exit from?

A

Cranial (3,7,9 & 10)

Sacral (S2-S5)

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10
Q

What are the 2 types of ganglia in the sympathetic nervous system?

A

Prevertebral ganglia (collateral ganglia) and paravertebral ganglia (in the sympathetic trunk).

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11
Q

What is the white ramus?

A

Preganglionic fibres (white because theyre myelinated)

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12
Q

What is the grey ramus?

A

Postganglionic fibres

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13
Q

On what receptors does acetylcholine act?

A

Cholineric receptors (Nicotinic & muscarinic)

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14
Q

On what receptors does noradrenaline (& adrenaline) act?

A

Adrenergic (alpha-receptors and beta-receptors)

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15
Q

In the sympathetic system what fibres use what neurotransmitter?

A

The pre-ganglionic fibres release acetylcholine on nicotinic receptors.
Post-ganglionic fibres release noradrenaline on adrenergic receptors.

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16
Q

What is different about the adrenal medulla.

A

The post-ganglionic cells have no acons and simply release adrenaline and noradrenaline into the blood for trnsport to adrenergic receptors.

17
Q

Where are the ganglia of the parasympathetic system?

A

Close to or within the target.

18
Q

What neurotransmitters are used in the pre-ganglionic fibres of the parasympathetic system?

A

Acetyl choline acting on nicotinic receptors

19
Q

What neurotransmitters are used by post-ganglionic fibres of the parasympathetic system?

A

Acetylcholine acting on muscarinic receptors.

20
Q

What are NANC transmitters?

A

Non-adrenergic and non-cholinergic transmitters relaesed by some post-ganglionic fibres. (NO & Peptides)

21
Q

What are the 3 types of differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems?

A
  • outflow from the CNS
  • Types of transmitters/receptors
  • Location of Ganglia