Joints

Question 1

Three classifications of joints

Answer 1

1. fibrous
2. cartilaginous
3. synovial

Question 2

What does a fibrous joint consist of, how much does it move and where can an example be found?

Answer 2

no cavity
fibrous CT between bone
little or no movement
eg. suture in skull

Question 3

What does a cartilaginous joint consist of, how much does it move and where can an example be found?

Answer 3

no cavity
held together with cartilage
little or no movement
eg. spine

Question 4

What does a synovial joint consist of, how much can it move and where can it be found?

Answer 4

fluid
between bones
joint cavity
freely moving
eg. knee

Question 5

What does articular cartilage do in a synovial joint?

Answer 5

reduce friction

absorb shock

Question 6

What does the articular capsule do in a synovial joint?

Answer 6

dense CT
surrounds joint
thickening of CT becomes ligaments

Question 7

What does the synovial membrane do in a synovial joint?

Answer 7

inner lining of capsule
secretes synovial fluid
brings nutrients to cartilage and removes wastes

Question 8

What types of articular ligaments are there in a synovial joint?

Answer 8

extracapsular (outside)

intracapsular (inside)

Question 9

What does the articular disc (or meniscus) do in a synovial joint, what is it made of and where is it attached?

Answer 9

fibrocartilage
attached to capsule
allows bone of different shapes to fit together tightly
increase stability of joint

Question 10

What does the bursae do in a synovial joint?

Answer 10

sac-like structure
between skin and bone, and ligament and bone
reduces friction

Question 11

What are the types of synovial joints? (6)

Answer 11

gliding
hinge
pivot
ellipsoid
saddle
ball and socket

Question 12

Shoulder vs Hip (how moveable and how stable)

Answer 12

Shoulder: more freely moveable because shallow cavity and loose cavity, more easily dislocated

Hip: stabilized by deep cavity, tight capsule, and ligaments and tendons, withstand body’s weight