Epithelial - Lining

Question 1

4 types of tissue

Answer 1

Connective
Epithelial
Muscle
Nervous

Question 2

4 characteristics of epithelial tissue

Answer 2

epithelial cells
minimal intercellular substance (tightly packed)
avascular
basement membrane

Question 3

Layer classification and meaning (3)

Answer 3

simple - single layered
stratified - multi layered
pseudostratified - appears multi layered

Question 4

Shape classification, meaning and function (3)

Answer 4

squamous - flat and wide (diffusion, filtration)
cuboidal - square looking (secretes and absorbs)
columnar - tall like columns (absorbs)

Question 5

Function of the basement membrane (3)

Answer 5

• to attach the epithelial to the connective tissue so sustenance can be obtained (eg. 02)
• semipermeable filter to control exchange of nutrients and waste
• limits tissue regions (separates epithelium from underlying connective tissue)

Question 6

Structure of the basement membrane (3)

Answer 6

• 20 to 100 nm thick
• fine granular fibrous proteins (collagen) and glycans (proteoglycans)
• fused basal lamina and layer of reticular fibres (reticular lamina)

Question 7

Location of basement membrane

Answer 7

joining of epithelial and connective tissue

Question 8

Features of basement membrane (2)

Answer 8

Lining - covers all surfaces of the body

Glandular - produce a secretion

Question 9

Endothelium (function, structure, location)

Answer 9

(simple squamous)
extensive diffusion, prevents blood from clotting

thin

cardiovascular and lymphatic vessel lining

Question 10

Mesothelium (function, structure and location)

Answer 10

(simple squamous)
protection, creates two slippery surfaces that can glide past each other

thin, squamous, lubricating, supported by dense connective tissue

lining of body cavities and surface of organs, lungs and body wall

Question 11

Simple cuboidal epithelium (function, structure and location)

Answer 11

protect, absorb, secrete

large cells, spherical nuclei

lining of kidney tubules, ducts in salivary glands, liver

Question 12

Simple columnar epithelium (function, structure and location)

Answer 12

absorption

tall, microvilli, increase surface area

stomach, intestines, oviducts lining

Question 13

Non- keratinized stratified squamous (function, structure and location)

Answer 13

protection

nucleated cells in superficial layers, tough, upper layers can be torn off without exposing underlying tissues

moist surfaces where tubular systems open to outside, lining of mouth, oesophagus, upper nostrils, anus, vagina

Question 14

Keratinised stratified squamous (function, structure and location)

Answer 14

protection, almost water impermeable

dead cells on surface, filled with keratin, tough and resistant to tearing

skin

Question 15

Respiratory epithelium (function and location)

Answer 15

filters air

lines respiratory tract from upper nostril

Question 16

Mucociliary-esculator (proper name and function)

Answer 16

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells

pathogens and dust stick to mucus and cilia move mucus towards pharynx

Question 17

Goblet cells (structure and function)

Answer 17

shaped like goblet

secrete mucus onto surface

Question 18

Transitional epithelium (structure and function)

Answer 18

osmotic barrier, stretches and relaxes

stretched (stratified squamous)
relaxed (stratified cuboidal)

ureters and bladder