Connective Flashcards

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1
Q

Features of connective tissue (3)

A

connects and binds
support and shape
facilitates communication

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2
Q

Functions of connective tissue (5)

A
mechanical support and protection
storage
defense
repair
communication and transport
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3
Q

Structure of connective tissue (3)

A

cells
fibres
ECM

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4
Q

Classification (constituents)

A

fibres < cells = loose

fibres > cells = dense

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5
Q

Classification (arrangement)

A
parallel = regular
non-parallel = irregular
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6
Q

Function of dense regular

A

binds bones together and attaches muscle to bone

eg. tendons and ligaments

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7
Q

Functions of dense irregular

A

protect organs from injury, tough

eg. dermis of skin, capsules around organs

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8
Q

Functions of loose (4)

A

cushions and nourishes epithelia
arena for immune defense
binds organs
allows passage for nerves and blood vessels
eg. underlines all epithelia, outer coverings of blood vessels

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9
Q

Types of loose connective tissue (3) and their function and location

A
  1. areolar tissue (strength, elasticity, surrounds vasculature and nerves)
  2. adipose tissue (energy, insulate, protect, surrounds organs and under skin)
  3. reticular tissue (support and binding of organs, liver, kidney, ….)
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10
Q

Extracellular matrix (function, composition, location)

A

support surrounding cells
regulate communication and transport

clear, colourless, glycans, protein, water molecules

secreted by CT cells

viscosity: restricts penetration by bacteria
oedema (swelling): abnormal accumulation of interstitial fluid

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11
Q

Three types of fibres

A

collagen
elastin
reticular

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12
Q

Collagen (function, location)

A
strength and cushioning
function depends on amount and arrangement

cartilage, bone, tendon, ligament

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13
Q

Elastin (function, location)

A

coil and recoil, flexibility

skin, arteries, bronchi

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14
Q

Reticular (function, location)

A

form delicate, irregular, flexible framework, inelastic, support cellular structures

spleen, liver, marrow

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15
Q

Cells for structure and storage (2)

A

fibroblasts, adipocytes

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16
Q

Cells for defense (4)

A

macrophages
plasma cells
mast cells
leukocytes (from blood)

17
Q

Cells for reserve (1)

A

stem cells

18
Q

Fibroblasts (function, appearance)

A

produce all fibres and ECM in CT, repair (by producing collagen, scar tissue)

long cytoplasmic processes in protein producing and secreting cells

fibrocytes: mature, less active

19
Q

Adipocytes (function, 4)

A

store fat (energy), insulate, protect, shock absorb

white and brown fat

20
Q

Macrophages (function, location)

A

phagocytosis cell debris

lungs: “dust cells”
spleen: “RBC scavengers”

21
Q

Plasma cells (function)

A

defense
produce antibodies
specific antibody for antigen

22
Q

Mast cells (function)

A

store chemical mediators of inflammatory response (eg. allergic reactions)

23
Q

Leukocytes (function, location, 3 types and function)

A

defense

circulate in blood

lymphocytes: immune reactions, neutrophils: inflammation caused by bacteria, eosinophils: parasitic infection and allergic reactions