Joint Pain Flashcards
3 disorders areas of joints? Examples?
Cartilage: OA
Synovium: RA
Synovial fluid: Gout/septic arthritis
History for Joint pain questions: Top 4?
Other Joints?
Previous Injury
Systemic symptoms
FHx
3 main investigations for MSK disorders?
X-rays
Blood tests
Synovial fluid analysis
6 Features of mechanical joint pain?
chronic slowly worsening worse with movement better with rest little swelling little stiffness
6 features of inflammatory joint pain?
acute/subacute quick changes better with movement worse with rest swelling prolonged stiffness (morning)
3 main physical examination findings for OA?
- joint space loss (genu varum/valgum)
- decrease ROM
- crepitus
4 main features of OA on radiographs?
- joint space loss
- subchondral sclerosis
- osteophytes
- subchondral cysts
5 Differential diagnosis for inflammatory, acute knee pain?
infection pathological fracture haemarthrosis crystals: gout, pseudogout inflammatory arthritis
what crystals in pseudogout?
calcium pyrophosphate
what can cause haemarthrosis with minimal trauma?
anticoagulants such as warfarin causing spontaneous hemorrhage
what predisposes to septic arthritis? 5 things
skin infection UTI Prostate dentition diverticulitis
which joints more likely to get septic?
previously damaged ones
how to dx gout on microscopy?
negatively birefringent crystals in polarising light: uric acid
pseudogout on microscopy looks?
weakly positive birefringent crystals in polarising light
DDx for RA? 3 main:
systemic Lupus erythematous
Viral arthritis
psoriatic arthritis
