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Jason's MD2 Foundation Lectures > Abdo Distension > Flashcards

Abdo Distension Flashcards

1
Q

2 pictures for liver LFTs?

A

Cholestitis: raised ALP, GGT
hepatitis: raised ALT

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2
Q

2 pictures for liver LFTs?

A

Cholestitis: raised ALP, GGT
hepatitis: raised ALT

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3
Q

causes of ascites? portal hypertension

A

portal hypertension

  • cirrhosis
  • alcoholic hepatitis
  • cardiac failure
  • buff-chiari syndreome
  • massive hepatic metastasis
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4
Q

other causes of ascites?

A

peritoneal carcinomas

  • pancreatitis
  • nephrotic syndrome
  • peritoneal tuberculosis
  • serositis
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5
Q

common causes of cirrhosis?

A

Alcohol
Hep C
NASH
Hep B

See prof russell tutorial list

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6
Q

pressure in portal vein is?

A
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7
Q

important collaterals with prolonged portal hypertension

A

caput medusae

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8
Q

causes of ascites? portal hypertension

A

portal hypertension

  • cirrhosis
  • alcoholic hepatitis
  • cardiac failure
  • buff-chiari syndreome
  • massive hepatic metastasis
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9
Q

other causes of ascites?

A

peritoneal carcinomas

  • pancreatitis
  • nephrotic syndrome
  • peritoneal tuberculosis
  • serositis
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10
Q

common causes of cirrhosis?

A

Alcohol
Hep C
NASH
Hep B

See prof russell tutorial list

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11
Q

pressure in portal vein is?

A
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12
Q

important collaterals with prolonged portal hypertension

A

caput medusae

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13
Q

decompensation of liver signs?

A

high INR
jaundiced
other synthetic functions

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14
Q

what causes gynecomastia?

A

digoxin

spirinolactone (painful)

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15
Q

portal hypertension confirmation? 3 things

A

reversal of flow
varies
recannulisation of ligamentum teres

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16
Q

what is SBP?

A

spontaneous becterial peritonitis

17
Q

spontaneous becterial peritonitis dx?

A

> 250 polymorphs/mm3

18
Q

SAAG?

A

serum albumin - ascites gradient

>11: pHTN

19
Q

MAnagement of ascites?

A 
salt restriction
fluid restriction
no NSAIDS/ACE/A2RBs
Diuretics: spironolactone 
Ascitic TAp
20
Q

what causes gynecomastia?

A

digoxin

spirinolactone

21
Q

screen for what in newly diagnosed cirrhosis?

A

varices

22
Q

3 likely places for varices

A

rectum
umbilical
fundus/stomach/esophagus

23
Q

esophageal varices prophylaxis?

A

non-selective B blocker

banding

24
Q

Child-Pugh score?

A 
Ascites
bilirubin
albumin
INR 
encephalopathy

A is better
B: moderate
C is worse

25
Q

how to confirm hep C?

A 
HCV PCR (indicates if it clears)
not just Ab +ve
26
Q

4 causes of upper GI bleeds?

A 
peptic ulcer
varrices
esophagitis
Mallory-Weiss tear
cancers etc.
27
Q

resuscitate in esophageal varices?

A

be careful, not too much

28
Q

drug to give when varices bleeding?

A

terlipressin to decrease splanchnic circulation

29
Q

ascites treatment first line?

A

salt and fluid restriction

Jason's MD2 Foundation Lectures (18 decks)

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