Dyspnoea

Question 1

4 functional components of respiratory system?

Answer 1

Central control
airways
pump/bellows
gas exchanger

Question 2

define dyspnoea.

Answer 2

sensation of breathing discomfort

inappropriate relationship between resp work and total body work

Question 3

5 clinical causes of dyspnoea:

Answer 3

Respiratory
Cardiac
Chest wall/muscle/obesity
Metabolic/Anaemia

Psychogenic - anxiety

Question 4

3 reasons of increased sense of respiratory effort?

Answer 4

increase drive
increased load
decreased strength

Question 5

how to make a diagnosis?

Answer 5

History
Examination
targeted investigations

Question 6

where do you get stony dullness?

Answer 6

pleural

Question 7

where do you get crepitations/crackles?

Answer 7

terminal lung units

Question 8

where is the ‘silent zone’?

Answer 8

pulmonary vessels

Question 9

where do you get rhonchi/wheezes?

Answer 9

airways

Question 10

4 associated features of respiratory disease?

Answer 10

cough -acute/chronic
haemoptysis
chestpain
daytime sleepiness